{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T05:12:28Z","timestamp":1790917948476,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,15]],"date-time":"2006-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1150329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p> <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> produces a zinc metalloproteinase, Iga, which cleaves human immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1), and whose activity is predominantly localized to the bacterial surface. However, proper surface localization is not predicted using current models, as the LPNTG sorting motif is located atypically near the amino\u2010 rather than the carboxy\u2010terminus. The cell\u2010associated form of Iga was confirmed to be external to the bacterial membrane, and while bound tightly, its attachment to the cell wall is non\u2010covalent, but dependent on both a complete LPNTG sequence and sortase activity. Disruption of the region between the signal peptidase cleavage site and the LPNTG domain resulted in a localization defect, premature degradation, and an alteration of the ability of the enzyme to act on a monoclonal human IgA1 substrate and to enhance bacterial adherence, linking localization to enzyme function. Edman sequencing of cell\u2010associated Iga determined that the enzyme is processed at an unexpected site downstream of the sorting signal yet still associates with the bacterial surface. Our results indicate a non\u2010covalent re\u2010association between the carboxy\u2010terminal enzymatic domain and the cleaved, sorted amino\u2010terminal localization domain. This amino\u2010terminal motif is shared among the other zinc metalloproteinases in streptococci and suggests a novel conserved mechanism for the surface localization of protease activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05256.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,15]],"date-time":"2006-06-15T10:24:19Z","timestamp":1150367059000},"page":"526-543","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["The atypical amino\u2010terminal LPNTG\u2010containing domain of the pneumococcal human IgA1\u2010specific protease is required for proper enzyme localization and function"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Matthew H.","family":"Bender","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey N.","family":"Weiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(86)90130-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.79.2.137"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0511017103"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.185.20.6057-6066.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2004.05.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.9.4925-4935.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-3-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"685","article-title":"toppred II: an improved software for membrane protein structure predictions","volume":"10","author":"Claros M.G.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Comput Appl Biosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.5.2710-2722.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.58.10.3293-3299.1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.145.1.109","article-title":"Subclass distribution of antigen\u2010specific IgA antibodies in normal donors and individuals with homozygous C alpha 1 or C alpha 2 gene deletions","volume":"145","author":"Engstrom P.E.","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.1997.3.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0161-5890(83)90045-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.1.7-17.1991","article-title":"Analysis of the immunoglobulin A protease gene of Streptococcus sanguis","volume":"59","author":"Gilbert J.V.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/341658"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2002.03106.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.185.2.413-421.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(92)90934-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.19.5709-5717.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI6310"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(89)80471-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.5.2758-2765.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012491543-5\/50019-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2596","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.124.6.2596","article-title":"IgA1 proteases from Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Streptococcus sanguis: comparative immunochemical studies","volume":"124","author":"Kilian M.","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1699-0463.1996.tb00724.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.7.1.31-39.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/3.3.521"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.2000.4315"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3002(60)90205-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M208660200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","volume-title":"104th General Meeting","author":"LeMieux J.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.74.4.2453-2456.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.11.6199-6204.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02263.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.10.5724-5732.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10889.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4906(03)00210-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/17.7.646"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","first-page":"81","volume-title":"Bacterial Enzymes and Virulence","author":"Mulks M.H.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.63.1.174-229.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03596.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2005.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-128-33119"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-136-35455"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.37.100183.003131"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.810892"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/325458a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.57.10.3097-3105.1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.64.10.3957-3966.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.1.181-190.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.3.933-937.1996","article-title":"Analysis of the specificity of bacterial immunoglobulin A (IgA) proteases by a comparative study of ape serum IgAs as substrates","volume":"64","author":"Qiu J.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2219","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.6.2219-2221.1991","article-title":"Lack of cleavage of immunoglobulin A (IgA) from rhesus monkeys by bacterial IgA1 proteases","volume":"59","author":"Reinholdt J.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-1941-6_127"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.11.4452-4459.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90101-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1993.tb06169.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.12.3969-3979.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_1","first-page":"175","article-title":"A hidden Markov model for predicting transmembrane helices in protein sequences","volume":"6","author":"Sonnhammer E.L.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Intell Syst Mol Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.11.5190-5196.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1061217"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.35.22285"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.1.220"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.64.10.3967-3974.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0637469100"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.176.10.2976-2985.1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.174.2.610-618.1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1110\/ps.0305103"}],"container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2958.2006.05256.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05256.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T16:24:12Z","timestamp":1695918252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05256.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,15]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05256.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05256.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-382X","1365-2958"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-382X","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2958","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,15]]}}}