{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T19:18:22Z","timestamp":1780600702194,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,13]],"date-time":"2006-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1163376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Burkholderia mallei<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the aetiologic agent of glanders, causes a variety of illnesses in animals and humans ranging from occult infections to acute fulminating septicaemias. To better understand the role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the pathogenesis of these diseases, studies were initiated to characterize the structural and biological properties of lipid A moieties expressed by this organism. Using a combination of chemical analyses and MALDI\u2010TOF mass spectrometry,\n                    <jats:italic>B.\u2003mallei<\/jats:italic>\n                    was shown to express a heterogeneous mixture of tetra\u2010 and penta\u2010acylated lipid A species that were non\u2010stoichiometrically substituted with 4\u2010amino\u20104\u2010deoxy\u2010arabinose residues. The major penta\u2010acylated species consisted of bisphosphorylated\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010glucosamine disaccharide backbones possessing two amide linked 3\u2010hydroxyhexadecanoic acids, two ester linked 3\u2010hydroxytetradecanoic acids [C14:0(3\u2010OH)] and an acyloxyacyl linked tetradecanoic acid, whereas, the major tetra\u2010acylated species possessed all but the 3\u2032\u2010linked C14:0(3\u2010OH) residues. In addition, although devoid of hexa\u2010acylated species,\n                    <jats:italic>B.\u2003mallei<\/jats:italic>\n                    LPS was shown to be a potent activator of human Toll\u2010like receptor 4 complexes and stimulated human macrophage\u2010like cells (THP\u20101 and U\u2010937), monocyte\u2010derived macrophages and dendritic cells to produce high levels of TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20106 and RANTES. Based upon these results, it appears that\n                    <jats:italic>B.\u2003mallei<\/jats:italic>\n                    LPS is likely to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of human disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05519.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,5]],"date-time":"2006-12-05T13:27:34Z","timestamp":1165325254000},"page":"379-390","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["<i>Burkholderia mallei<\/i>\n                    expresses a unique lipopolysaccharide mixture that is a potent activator of human Toll\u2010like receptor 4 complexes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Brett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary N.","family":"Burtnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. 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