{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T18:44:59Z","timestamp":1790966699905,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,13]],"date-time":"2006-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1163376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>, a leading cause of nosocomial antibiotic resistant infections, frequently possesses a 150\u2003kb pathogenicity island (PAI) that carries virulence determinants. The presence of excisionase and integrase genes, conjugative functions and multiple insertion sequence elements suggests that the PAI, or segments thereof, might be capable of horizontal transfer. In this report, the transfer of the <jats:italic>E.\u2003faecalis<\/jats:italic> PAI is demonstrated and a mechanism for transfer elucidated. In filter matings, chloramphenicol resistance was observed to transfer from strain MMH594b, a clinical isolate possessing the PAI tagged with a <jats:italic>cat<\/jats:italic> marker, to OG1RF (pCGC) with a frequency of 3.2\u2003\u00d7\u200310<jats:sup>\u221210<\/jats:sup> per donor. Secondary transfer from primary transconjugant TCRFB1 to strain JH2SS in filter and broth matings occurred with a frequency of 1 and 2\u2003\u00d7\u200310<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> per donor respectively. Analysis of the transconjugants demonstrated that a 27\u2003744\u2003bp internal PAI segment was capable of excision and circularization in the donor, and is mobilized as a cointegrate with a pTEF1\u2010like plasmid. High\u2010frequency transfer also occurred from TCRFB1 to JH2SS during transient colonization of the mouse gastrointestinal tract. This is the first demonstration of the horizontal transfer of PAI\u2010encoded virulence determinants in <jats:italic>E.\u2003faecalis<\/jats:italic> and has implications for genome evolution and diversity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05520.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,5]],"date-time":"2006-12-05T18:27:34Z","timestamp":1165343254000},"page":"530-544","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Horizontal transfer of virulence genes encoded on the <i>Enterococcus faecalis<\/i> pathogenicity island"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Phillip S.","family":"Coburn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arto 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