{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T13:28:56Z","timestamp":1791206936805,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,22]],"date-time":"2006-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1166745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Yersinia pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the plague bacillus, has an exceptional pathogenicity but the factors responsible for its extreme virulence are still unknown. A genome comparison with its less virulent ancestor\n                    <jats:italic>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    identified a few\n                    <jats:italic>Y.\u2003pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010specific regions acquired after their divergence. One of them potentially encodes a prophage (Ypf\u03a6), similar to filamentous phages associated with virulence in other pathogens. We show here that Ypf\u03a6 forms filamentous phage particles infectious for other\n                    <jats:italic>Y.\u2003pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates. Although it was previously suggested that Ypf\u03a6 is restricted to the Orientalis branch, our results indicate that it was acquired by the\n                    <jats:italic>Y.\u2003pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ancestor. In Antiqua and Medievalis strains, Ypf\u03a6 genome forms an unstable episome whereas in Orientalis isolates it is stably integrated as tandem repeats. Deletion of the Ypf\u03a6 genome does not affect\n                    <jats:italic>Y.\u2003pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ability to colonize and block the flea proventriculus, but results in an alteration of\n                    <jats:italic>Y.\u2003pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    pathogenicity in mice. Our results show that transformation of\n                    <jats:italic>Y.\u2003pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    from a classical enteropathogen to the highly virulent plague bacillus was accompanied by the acquisition of an unstable filamentous phage. Continued maintenance of Ypf\u03a6 despite its high\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    instability suggests that it confers selective advantages to\n                    <jats:italic>Y.\u2003pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    under natural conditions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05570.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,18]],"date-time":"2007-01-18T19:56:28Z","timestamp":1169150188000},"page":"1145-1157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["A horizontally acquired filamentous phage contributes to the pathogenicity of the plague bacillus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Anne","family":"Derbise","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviane","family":"Chenal\u2010Francisque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavie","family":"Pouillot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corinne","family":"Fayolle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie\u2010Christine","family":"Pr\u00e9vost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudine","family":"M\u00e9digue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard Joseph","family":"Hinnebusch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Carniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.24.14043"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0408026101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.1993.1002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.111008998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050112"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkg590"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0934-8840(11)80332-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0404012101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00124-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcpr.1994.1057"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.140109997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(02)00005-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.16.4601-4611.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-8244(03)00181-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"247","article-title":"Vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de l'esp\u00e8ce Pasteurella pestis. 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