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Production of these virulence factors is dependent on the major virulence regulator, ToxT. Under virulence\u2010inducing growth conditions, transcription factors ToxR and TcpP initially activate transcription of <jats:italic>toxT<\/jats:italic>. However, once ToxT has been expressed, it produces more of itself independent of ToxR and TcpP by activating transcription of the long <jats:italic>tcpA<\/jats:italic> operon, within which <jats:italic>toxT<\/jats:italic> is located. It is known that <jats:italic>V.\u2003cholerae<\/jats:italic> terminates virulence gene expression prior to escape from the host, but it is unknown how this ToxT\u2010positive feedback loop is broken, an essential step in terminating virulence gene expression. To better understand how ToxT protein activity is regulated, we monitored ToxT accumulation and activity under virulence\u2010inducing and \u2010repressing growth conditions. Our results suggest that ToxT protein undergoes proteolytic degradation to terminate virulence gene expression. This directed degradation of ToxT supports a model for terminating <jats:italic>V.\u2003cholerae<\/jats:italic> virulence gene expression late in infection, with both ToxT and TcpP undergoing proteolysis prior to escape from the host.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07798.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,23]],"date-time":"2011-08-23T01:11:21Z","timestamp":1314061881000},"page":"1640-1653","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Termination of <i>Vibrio cholerae<\/i> virulence gene expression is mediated by proteolysis of the major virulence activator, ToxT"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Basel H.","family":"Abuaita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey 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