{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T23:52:53Z","timestamp":1773791573524,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,28]],"date-time":"2011-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1322438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>In lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis of Gram\u2010negative bacteria the lipid A\u2010core oligosaccharide (LA\u2010core) and O\u2010polysaccharide (O\u2010PS) biosynthesis pathways proceed separately and converge in periplasmic space where the <jats:italic>waaL<\/jats:italic>\u2010encoded ligase joins O\u2010PS onto LA\u2010core. Enterobacterial common antigen (ECA) biosynthesis follows that of O\u2010PS except that ECA is usually ligated to phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and only rarely to LA\u2010core. In <jats:italic>Yersinia enterocolitica<\/jats:italic> serotype O:3 LPS is composed of LA\u2010inner core (IC) onto which a homopolymeric O\u2010PS, a hexasaccharide called outer core (OC), and\/or ECA are ligated. We found that an individual O:3 LPS molecule carries either OC or O\u2010PS substitution but not both. Related to this, we identified three genes in <jats:italic>Y.\u2003enterocolitica<\/jats:italic> O:3 that all expressed O\u2010PS ligase activity in the <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\u0394<jats:italic>waaL<\/jats:italic> mutant. The LPS phenotypes of <jats:italic>Y.\u2003enterocolitica<\/jats:italic> O:3 single, double and triple ligase mutants indicated that two of ligases, named as WaaL<jats:sub>os<\/jats:sub> and WaaL<jats:sub>ps<\/jats:sub>, had a preferred substrate specificity for OC and O\u2010PS, respectively, although with some promiscuity between the ligases; the third ligase named as WaaL<jats:sub>xs<\/jats:sub> was not involved in LPS or ECA biosynthesis. In <jats:italic>Y.\u2003enterocolitica<\/jats:italic> O:8 the WaaL<jats:sub>os<\/jats:sub> homologue (Ye1727) ligated a single pentasaccharide O\u2010unit to LA\u2010IC suggesting that in both <jats:italic>Y.\u2003enterocolitica<\/jats:italic> O:3 and O:8 WaaL<jats:sub>os<\/jats:sub> is an oligosaccharide (OS)\u2010specific ligase. Finally, <jats:italic>Yersinia pestis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Y.\u2003pseudotuberculosis<\/jats:italic> carry only the <jats:italic>waaL<jats:sub>ps<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic> gene, while either <jats:italic>waaL<jats:sub>os<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>waaL<jats:sub>xs<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic> or both are additionally present in other <jats:italic>Yersinia<\/jats:italic> species. This is the first report on the presence of three different oligo\u2010\/polysaccharide\u2010specific ligases in a single bacterium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07918.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,7]],"date-time":"2011-11-07T06:56:58Z","timestamp":1320649018000},"page":"125-136","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Identification of three oligo\u2010\/polysaccharide\u2010specific ligases in <i>Yersinia enterocolitica<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Elise","family":"Pinta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhilin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Batzilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Pajunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiina","family":"Kasanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamila","family":"Rabsztyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Rakin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikael","family":"Skurnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0882-4010(91)90065-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.60.3.870-875.1992","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide O side chain of Yersinia enterocolitica O:3 is an essential virulence factor in an orally infected murine model","volume":"60","author":"Al\u2010Hendy A.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-90-481-9054-6_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2008.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1997.6432014.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01484-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.15.4277-4287.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.03987.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2008.01438.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.3.595-600.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.4.2232-2244.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2004.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.12.7347"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M807113200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.49.35129"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0500044102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.28611-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.62.12.5568-5575.1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/156802608783378873"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1998.01063.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01071.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000819"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00189-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00783-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.28265-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00339-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1166\/asl.2008.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1988.tb02743.x","article-title":"ECA, the enterobacterial common antigen","volume":"54","author":"Kuhn H.\u2010M.","year":"1988","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-140-1-49"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0903229106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.173.5.1677-1685.1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.18.5114-5120.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","first-page":"27","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies reacting selectively with core and O\u2010polysaccharide of Yersinia enterocolitica O:3 lipopolysaccharide","volume":"95","author":"Pekkola\u2010Heino K.","year":"1987","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2008.06490.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.50.2.459-466.1985","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies to enterobacterial common antigen and to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide outer core: demonstration of an antigenic determinant shared by enterobacterial common antigen and E. coli K5 capsular polysaccharide","volume":"50","author":"Peters H.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.200901255"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.111336"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006297911070145"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.18388\/abp.1998_4358","article-title":"Immunochemical studies on R mutants of Yersinia enterocolitica O:3","volume":"45","author":"Radziejewska\u2010Lebrecht J.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Pol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.71.110601.135414"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/8.6.557"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2184"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","volume-title":"Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual","author":"Sambrook J.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M501259200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1984.tb01362.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420074413.ch2","volume-title":"Genetics of Bacterial Polysaccharides","author":"Skurnik M.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/b100541"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","first-page":"215","volume-title":"Yersinia: Molecular and Cellular Biology","author":"Skurnik M.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_17030575.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1999.01285.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/0-306-48416-1_48"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-141-7-1691"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/17.9.3469"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-010-0635-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(85)90120-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_1","unstructured":"Zhang L.(1996)Molecular genetics of the O\u2010antigen ofYersinia enterocoliticalipopolysaccharide. PhD thesis. InAnnales Universitatis Turkuensis Ser. D Vol. 241 Turku Finland: University of Turku p.118."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.176.6.1756-1760.1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01692.x"}],"container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2958.2011.07918.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07918.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T18:17:05Z","timestamp":1698689825000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07918.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,28]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07918.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07918.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-382X","1365-2958"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-382X","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2958","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,28]]}}}