{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:10:09Z","timestamp":1791418209369,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,4]],"date-time":"2012-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1333497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> is a category B pathogen and the causative agent of melioidosis \u2013 a serious infectious disease that is typically acquired directly from environmental reservoirs. Nearly all <jats:italic>B.\u2003pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> strains sequenced to date (&gt;\u200385 isolates) contain gene clusters that are related to the contact\u2010dependent growth inhibition (CDI) systems of \u03b3\u2010proteobacteria. CDI systems from <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Dickeya dadantii<\/jats:italic> play significant roles in bacterial competition, suggesting these systems may also contribute to the competitive fitness of <jats:italic>B.\u2003pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>. Here, we identify 10 distinct CDI systems in <jats:italic>B.\u2003pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> based on polymorphisms within the <jats:italic>cdiA\u2010CT\/cdiI<\/jats:italic> coding regions, which are predicted to encode CdiA\u2010CT\/CdiI toxin\/immunity protein pairs. Biochemical analysis of three <jats:italic>B.\u2003pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> CdiA\u2010CTs revealed that each protein possesses a distinct tRNase activity capable of inhibiting cell growth. These toxin activities are blocked by cognate CdiI immunity proteins, which specifically bind the CdiA\u2010CT and protect cells from growth inhibition. Using <jats:italic>Burkholderia thailandensis<\/jats:italic> E264 as a model, we show that a CDI system from <jats:italic>B.\u2003pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> 1026b mediates CDI and is capable of delivering CdiA\u2010CT toxins derived from other <jats:italic>B.\u2003pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> strains. These results demonstrate that <jats:italic>Burkholderia<\/jats:italic> species contain functional CDI systems, which may confer a competitive advantage to these bacteria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2012.08039.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,23]],"date-time":"2012-03-23T06:04:27Z","timestamp":1332482667000},"page":"516-529","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["The toxin\/immunity network of <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/i> contact\u2010dependent growth inhibition (CDI) systems"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Kiel","family":"Nikolakakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saba","family":"Amber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Scott","family":"Wilbur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elie J.","family":"Diner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie K.","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Poole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apichai","family":"Tuanyok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul S.","family":"Keim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Peacock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher S.","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"177","article-title":"Site\u2010directed mutagenesis using overlap extension PCR","volume":"57","author":"Aiyar A.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1115109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01437-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09490"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(66)80003-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"1506","article-title":"In vitro motility of a population of clinical Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates","volume":"89","author":"Boonbumrung K.","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-48-1-317"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05236.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000182"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth765"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.25"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02430-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2009.06993.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268809991634"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.12.3938-3950.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.12.7347"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M608052200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(03)00385-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.42.110807.091449"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI.2000.13.2.232"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2009.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2011.346"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2009.00189.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldr007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2011.00365.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi050749s"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2006.04.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05392.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2007.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9084(02)01422-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.170.6.2575-2583.1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5410.2097"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002217"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001068"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.4.1799-1806.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.140213797"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-5521(02)00268-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(03)00272-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000496"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-6-46"}],"container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2958.2012.08039.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2012.08039.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T16:33:48Z","timestamp":1698683628000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2012.08039.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,4]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2012.08039.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2012.08039.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-382X","1365-2958"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-382X","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2958","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,4]]}}}