{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T16:41:05Z","timestamp":1758818465463},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,5]],"date-time":"2007-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1183593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropathology Appl Neurobio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The search for the cause of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) has a long and tortuous history. In a recent paper, 25\u2010nm virus\u2010like particles were identified that were consistently observed in cell cultures infected with Creutzfeldt\u2010Jakob disease (CJD) and scrapie; they are similar to, or even identical with, the virus\u2010like tubulovesicular structures (TVS) found in experimental scrapie as early as in 1968, and subsequently in all naturally occurring and experimentally induced TSEs. These particles have been viewed with caution by the scientific community because of the unverified or uninterpretable record of virus\u2010like structures reported over the years in TSEs. TVS are spherical or tubular particles of approximate diameter 25\u201337\u2003nm. They are smaller than synaptic vesicles, but larger than many particulate structures of the central nervous system, such as glycogen granules. Their electron density is higher compared with synaptic vesicles, and in experimental murine scrapie, they form paracrystalline arrays. None of these observations distinguish between TVS as an entity critical to the infectious process, or as a highly specific ultrastructural epiphenomenon, but their consistent presence in all TSEs demands further research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.2007.00867.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,5]],"date-time":"2007-07-05T16:01:40Z","timestamp":1183651300000},"page":"395-397","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Disease\u2010specific particles without prion protein in prion diseases \u2013 phenomenon or epiphenomenon?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"P. 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