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It has been proved that <jats:italic>Echinococcus granulosus<\/jats:italic> evokes a Th2\u2010type cytokine pattern characterized by a high production of IL\u20104, IL\u20105, IL\u20106 and IL\u201010, and no or mild IFN\u2010\u03b3 levels in animal models and in patients with cystic echinococcosis, respectively. Here, we show that E4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> (a glycoconjugate\u2010enriched fraction from <jats:italic>E.\u00a0granulosus protoscolex<\/jats:italic>) stimulated the secretion of a high concentration of IL\u20106, followed by IL\u201010 and TNF\u2010\u03b1 by normal peritoneal B cells. We determined that E4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> bound to the surface of peritoneal B cells and induced their activation and, also, triggered the differentiation of peritoneal B cells into IgM\u2010, IgG2b\u2010 and IgG3\u2010secreting cells in a T\u2010independent way. Interestingly, the IgM released by E4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010stimulated peritoneal B cells from normal mice recognized protoscolex antigens. Results showed that, after the encounter with antigens from <jats:italic>E.\u00a0granulosus protoscolex<\/jats:italic>, peritonealB cells are a source of Th2\u2010type cytokines and polyclonal antibodies, some of which recognize parasite antigens, suggesting that peritoneal B cells can condition the outcome of the infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2011.01326.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,31]],"date-time":"2011-08-31T19:52:32Z","timestamp":1314820352000},"page":"621-631","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["<i>Echinococcus granulosus<\/i> glycoconjugates induce peritoneal B cell differentiation into antibody\u2010secreting cells and cytokine production"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"MOURGLIA\u2010ETTLIN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. 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