{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T05:57:54Z","timestamp":1769839074432,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,14]],"date-time":"2011-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1323820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vaginal epithelial cells (VECs) are thought to function as immune\u2010responsive cells in trichomoniasis, and mast cells have been detected in vaginal smears and the vaginal wall in trichomoniasis. It therefore seemed possible that the VEC\u2010trichomonad reaction might affect the activity of mast cells present in the lamina propria of the vaginal mucosa. In this study, we tested whether culture supernatants of VEC incubated with <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic> (TCM) could stimulate mast cells. When VECs (MS74) were incubated with live trichomonads, IL\u20108, IL\u20106 and MCP\u20101 expressions increased in the TCM, and mast cells (HMC\u20101) and human neutrophils migrated more actively towards the TCM. Also, when the TCM was added to mast cells, \u03b2\u2010hexosaminidase and cytokines (IL\u20108 and TNF\u2010\u03b1) expressions were increased. Moreover, the culture supernatant of mast cells incubated with TCM (M\u2010TCM) had more increased chemotactic activity for neutrophils than that of TCM. We conclude that inflammatory mediators made by VECs in response to activation by <jats:italic>T.\u00a0vaginalis<\/jats:italic> activate and attract mast cells and then stimulate them to induce neutrophil migration. Our results indicate, for the first time, that VECs play a role in the infiltration of mast cells and neutrophils early in <jats:italic>T.\u00a0vaginalis<\/jats:italic> infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2011.01338.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,10]],"date-time":"2011-10-10T17:54:07Z","timestamp":1318269247000},"page":"8-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Involvement of mast cells in inflammation induced by <i>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/i> via crosstalk with vaginal epithelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"I. H.","family":"HAN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. 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