{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T05:28:40Z","timestamp":1761974920452},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,21]],"date-time":"2005-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1127260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against moulds related to indoor dampness problems are used as biomarkers to indicate exposure. In the present study, we evaluated the frequency of mould exposure in an adult healthy population by examining levels of mould\u2010specific IgG antibodies in Norwegian blood donors. Using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay, 106 blood donor sera were analyzed for IgG antibodies to <jats:italic>Aspergillus versicolor<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Penicillium chrysogenum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Cladosporium herbarum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Stachybotrys chartarum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Fusarium oxysporum<\/jats:italic>. The levels of specific IgG antibodies to <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>chrysogenum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>herbarum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>chartarum<\/jats:italic> correlated (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.46\u20130.62). Responses to <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>versicolor<\/jats:italic> were considerably stronger than to the other moulds, and another 996 blood donor sera were analyzed for IgG antibodies to this mould. Women had significantly higher levels of specific IgG antibodies to <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>versicolor<\/jats:italic> than men. The concentration of <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>versicolor<\/jats:italic>\u2010specific IgG antibodies showed a non\u2010Gaussian, bimodal distribution profile, in which 12.5% were defined as positive to exposure. This suggests that significant mould exposure in a healthy population can be calculated from mean\u2003+\u20031SD. Western blotting analyses showed that antibody responses to <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>versicolor<\/jats:italic> were largely directed against carbohydrate antigens of unknown saccharides.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2005.01672.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,21]],"date-time":"2005-09-21T10:24:39Z","timestamp":1127298279000},"page":"281-288","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Immunoglobulin G Antibodies Against Environmental Moulds in a Norwegian Healthy Population Shows a Bimodal Distribution for <i>Aspergillus versicolor<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"B.","family":"Rydjord","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Hetland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. 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