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This fungus is found intracellularly in PMN and monocytes\/macrophages, suggesting that it is capable of evading damage and surviving inside these cells. Thus, in the present study, we investigated whether <jats:italic>P. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic> can prolong the lifetime of PMN, and if this process would be related with IL\u20108 levels. PMN apoptosis and intracellular levels of IL\u20108 were analysed by flow cytometry and culture supernatants IL\u20108 levels were evaluated by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. We found that coincubation with <jats:italic>P. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic> yeast cells results in an inhibition of PMN apoptosis, which was associated with increase in IL\u20108 production by these cells. Cocultures treatment with monoclonal antibody anti\u2010IL\u20108 reversed the inhibitory effect of <jats:italic>P. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic> on PMN apoptosis, besides to increase spontaneous apoptosis of these cells. These data show that, in contrast to other microbial pathogens that drive phagocytes into apoptosis to escape killing, <jats:italic>P. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic> can extend the lifetime of normal human PMN by inducing autocrine IL\u20108 production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2008.02199.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,19]],"date-time":"2008-12-19T18:31:01Z","timestamp":1229711461000},"page":"73-79","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Inhibition of Human Neutrophil Apoptosis by <i>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis<\/i>: Role of Interleukin\u20108"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"M. J.","family":"Acorci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. A.","family":"Dias\u2010Melicio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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