{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T01:19:10Z","timestamp":1773710350059,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,12]],"date-time":"2012-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1347408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we have analysed the phenotypic features of innate\/adaptive immunity of patients with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL), categorized according to their clinical\/laboratorial status, including number of lesion (L1; L2\u20134), days of illness duration (\u226460;&gt;60) and positivity in the Montenegro skin test (MT<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>;MT<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>). Our findings highlighted a range of phenotypic features observed in patients with LCL (\u2191%HLA\u2010DR<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> neutrophils; \u2191CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> HLA\u2010DR<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> HLA\u2010DR<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell ratio; \u2191HLA\u2010DR in B lymphocytes, \u2191%CD23<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> neutrophils, monocytes and B cells; \u2191\u03b1\u2010<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> IgG and \u2191serum <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/SJI_2748_mu1.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/>\u2003+\u2003<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/SJI_2748_mu2.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/>). Selective changes were observed in L1 (\u2191%HLA\u2010DR<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> neutrophils, \u2191CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> HLA\u2010DR<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> HLA\u2010DR<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell ratio and \u2191serum <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/SJI_2748_mu3.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/>\u2003+\u2003<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/SJI_2748_mu4.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/>) as compared to L2\u20134 (\u2191%CD5<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> B cells; \u2191CD23<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> B cells and \u2191\u03b1\u2010<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> IgG). Whilst \u226460 presented a mixed profile of innate\/adaptive immunity (\u2193%CD28<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> neutrophils and \u2191%CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells), &gt;60 showed a well\u2010known leishmanicidal events (\u2191CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells; \u2191serum <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/SJI_2748_mu5.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/>\u2003+\u2003<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/SJI_2748_mu6.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/> and \u2191\u03b1\u2010<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> IgG). MT<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> patients showed increased putative leishmanicidal capacity (\u2191%HLA\u2010DR<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> neutrophils; \u2191%CD23<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> monocytes; \u2191CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> HLA\u2010DR<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> HLA\u2010DR<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell ratio and \u2191 serum <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/SJI_2748_mu7.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/>\u2003+\u2003<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/SJI_2748_mu8.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/>). Overall, a range of immunological biomarkers illustrates the complex immunological network associated with distinct clinical\/laboratorial features of LCL with applicability in clinical studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2012.02748.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]],"date-time":"2012-07-24T11:15:16Z","timestamp":1343128516000},"page":"421-432","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Distinct Pattern of Immunophenotypic Features of Innate and Adaptive Immunity as a Putative Signature of Clinical and Laboratorial Status of Patients with Localized Cutaneous Leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"P. 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