{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T20:14:41Z","timestamp":1791404081651,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,21]],"date-time":"2005-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1132531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Plant Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p> <jats:italic>PICKLE<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>PKL<\/jats:italic>) codes for a CHD3 chromatin remodeling factor that plays multiple roles in Arabidopsis growth and development. Previous analysis of the expression of genes that exhibit <jats:italic>PKL<\/jats:italic>\u2010dependent regulation suggested that <jats:italic>PKL<\/jats:italic> acts during germination to repress expression of embryonic traits. In this study, we examined the expression of PKL protein to investigate when and where PKL acts to regulate development. A PKL:eGFP translational fusion is preferentially localized in the nucleus of cells, consistent with the proposed role for PKL as a chromatin remodeling factor. A steroid\u2010inducible version of PKL [a fusion of PKL to the glucocorticoid receptor (PKL:GR)] was used to examine when PKL acts to repress expression of embryonic traits. We found that activation of PKL:GR during germination was sufficient to repress expression of embryonic traits in the primary roots of <jats:italic>pkl<\/jats:italic> seedlings, whereas activation of PKL:GR after germination had little effect. In contrast, we observed that PKL is required continuously after germination to repress expression of <jats:italic>PHERES1<\/jats:italic>, a type I MADS box gene that is normally expressed during early embryogenesis in wild\u2010type plants. Thus, PKL acts at multiple points during development to regulate patterns of gene expression in Arabidopsis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313x.2005.02602.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,21]],"date-time":"2005-11-21T13:03:37Z","timestamp":1132578217000},"page":"1010-1022","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["PICKLE acts during germination to repress expression of embryonic traits"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Hui\u2010Chun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"King","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James T.","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Stanley 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