{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T05:59:53Z","timestamp":1794376793152,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,31]],"date-time":"2006-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Plant Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>NPR1 is required for systemic acquired resistance, and there are five NPR1 paralogs in Arabidopsis. Here we report knockout analysis of two of these, <jats:italic>NPR3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>NPR4<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>npr3<\/jats:italic> single mutants have elevated basal <jats:italic>PR\u20101<\/jats:italic> expression and the <jats:italic>npr3 npr4<\/jats:italic> double mutant shows even higher expression. The double mutant plants also display enhanced resistance against virulent bacterial and oomycete pathogens. This enhanced disease resistance is partially dependent on <jats:italic>NPR1<\/jats:italic>, can be in part complemented by either wild\u2010type <jats:italic>NPR3<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>NPR4<\/jats:italic>, and is not associated with an elevated level of salicylic acid. NPR3 and NPR4 interact with TGA2, TGA3, TGA5 and TGA6 in yeast two\u2010hybrid assays. Using bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis, we show that NPR3 interacts with TGA2 in the nucleus of onion epidermal cells and Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts. Combined with our previous finding that basal <jats:italic>PR\u20101<\/jats:italic> levels are also elevated in the <jats:italic>tga2 tga5 tga6<\/jats:italic> triple mutant, we propose that NPR3 and NPR4 negatively regulate <jats:italic>PR<\/jats:italic> gene expression and pathogen resistance through their association with TGA2 and its paralogs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313x.2006.02903.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,31]],"date-time":"2006-10-31T13:27:50Z","timestamp":1162301270000},"page":"647-656","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":243,"title":["Negative regulation of defense responses in Arabidopsis by two <i>NPR1<\/i> paralogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Yuelin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu 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