{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T01:00:56Z","timestamp":1791162056124,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Plant Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is a growing body of evidence indicating that mitogen\u2010activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are involved in plant defense responses. Analysis of the completed <jats:italic>Arabidopsis thaliana<\/jats:italic> genome sequence has revealed the existence of 20 MAPKs, 10 MAPKKs and 60 MAPKKKs, implying a high level of complexity in MAPK signaling pathways, and making the assignment of gene functions difficult. The <jats:italic>MAP kinase kinase 7<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>MKK7<\/jats:italic>) gene of Arabidopsis has previously been shown to negatively regulate polar auxin transport. Here we provide evidence that MKK7 positively regulates plant basal and systemic acquired resistance (SAR). The activation\u2010tagged <jats:italic>bud1<\/jats:italic> mutant, in which the expression of <jats:italic>MKK7<\/jats:italic> is increased, accumulates elevated levels of salicylic acid (SA), exhibits constitutive pathogenesis\u2010related (<jats:italic>PR<\/jats:italic>) gene expression, and displays enhanced resistance to both <jats:italic>Pseudomonas syringae<\/jats:italic> pv. maculicola (<jats:italic>Psm<\/jats:italic>) ES4326 and <jats:italic>Hyaloperonospora parasitica<\/jats:italic> Noco2. Both <jats:italic>PR<\/jats:italic> gene expression and disease resistance of the <jats:italic>bud1<\/jats:italic> plants depend on SA, and partially depend on NPR1. We demonstrate that the constitutive defense response in <jats:italic>bud1<\/jats:italic> plants is a result of the increased expression of <jats:italic>MKK7<\/jats:italic>, and requires the kinase activity of the MKK7 protein. We found that expression of the <jats:italic>MKK7<\/jats:italic> gene in wild\u2010type plants is induced by pathogen infection. Reducing mRNA levels of <jats:italic>MKK7<\/jats:italic> by antisense RNA expression not only compromises basal resistance, but also blocks the induction of SAR. Intriguingly, ectopic expression of <jats:italic>MKK7<\/jats:italic> in local tissues induces <jats:italic>PR<\/jats:italic> gene expression and resistance to <jats:italic>Psm<\/jats:italic> ES4326 in systemic tissues, indicating that activation of MKK7 is sufficient for generating the mobile signal of SAR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313x.2007.03294.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,3]],"date-time":"2007-10-03T06:57:49Z","timestamp":1191394669000},"page":"1066-1079","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":118,"title":["Overexpression of Arabidopsis <i>MAP kinase kinase 7<\/i> leads to activation of plant basal and systemic acquired resistance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Xudong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqing","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"DeFraia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinnian","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhonglin","family":"Mou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600737"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-313X.1997.11030605.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/415977a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.6.12.1845"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3869945"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81858-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.10.4.557"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.105.037846"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35081161"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.14.6602"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.126.4.1579"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2004.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.phyto.42.040803.140421"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-313X.2003.01944.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.001628"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.53.8.1839-1845.1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.19.5400"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.261.5122.754"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-313X.1999.00451.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.010884"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","first-page":"1773","article-title":"Inducible 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