{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T07:11:24Z","timestamp":1790233884625,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,26]],"date-time":"2005-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1125014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human African Trypanosomiasis is caused by <jats:italic>Trypanosoma brucei gambiense<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T. b. rhodesiense<\/jats:italic>. Historically, a treatment relapse rate of about 5% is observed in patients treated with melarsoprol, an arsenical derivative used for treatment of both <jats:italic>gambiense<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>rhodesiense<\/jats:italic> second stage sleeping sickness. More recently, relapse rates up to 30% are noted in <jats:italic>gambiense<\/jats:italic> sleeping sickness foci in Angola, Sudan and Uganda. Therefore, WHO established a Network on Treatment Failure and Drug Resistance in Sleeping Sickness. One of its objectives is to improve isolation of <jats:italic>T. b. gambiense<\/jats:italic> from relapsing cases for research on drug resistance mechanisms. <jats:italic>Trypanosoma b. gambiense<\/jats:italic> isolation techniques suffer from low success rates and long periods needed to adapt the parasite to its new host. Usually, rodents are inoculated with patient's blood or cerebrospinal fluid and sub\u2010passaged until the strain becomes sufficiently adapted to yield high parasitaemia within few days after inoculation. Until now, the best recipient for <jats:italic>T. b. gambiense<\/jats:italic> is <jats:italic>Mastomys natalensis<\/jats:italic>, with a success rate of about 50%. In this study, <jats:italic>Grammomys surdaster<\/jats:italic> (former <jats:italic>Thamnomys surdaster<\/jats:italic>) was investigated as a potential recipient for isolation of <jats:italic>T. b. gambiense<\/jats:italic>. Comparative experimental infections of Swiss mice, Wistar rats and <jats:italic>G. surdaster<\/jats:italic> thicket rats with <jats:italic>T. b. gambiense<\/jats:italic> clearly show that this trypanosome grows faster in <jats:italic>G. surdaster<\/jats:italic>. Inoculation of the same rodent species with patient's blood and cerebrospinal fluid in Kinshasa (R.D. Congo) confirms the observation that the thicket rats are more susceptible to <jats:italic>T. b. gambiense<\/jats:italic> infection than typical laboratory rodents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2005.01468.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,26]],"date-time":"2005-08-26T15:54:17Z","timestamp":1125071657000},"page":"850-855","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Susceptibility of <i>Grammomys surdaster<\/i> thicket rats to <i>Trypanosoma brucei gambiense<\/i> infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Philippe","family":"B\u00fcscher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stomy Kahremere Bin","family":"Shamamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dieudonne Mumba","family":"Ngoyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pati","family":"Pyana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudy","family":"Baelmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eddy","family":"Magnus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chantal Van","family":"Overmeir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Adaptation of low virulence stocks of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense to rat and mouse","volume":"61","author":"Babiker EA","year":"1981","journal-title":"Annales de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Belge de M\u00e9decine Tropicale"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05817-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2001.00775.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"s25","article-title":"Rodent malaria in the natural host \u2013 irradiated sporozoites of Plasmodium berghei induce liver\u2010stage specific immune responses in the natural host Grammomys surdaster and protect immunized Grammomys against P. berghei sporozoite challenge","volume":"30","author":"Chatterjee S","year":"2001","journal-title":"African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"307","article-title":"Le probl\u00e8me du r\u00e9servoir de virus et du maintien des foyers de trypanosomiase humaine en Afrique Centrale","volume":"14","author":"Fr\u00e9zil J\u2010L","year":"1976","journal-title":"Cahiers ORSTOM. 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