{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T13:40:27Z","timestamp":1697290827618},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,4]],"date-time":"2006-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1151971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>A combined molecular and cytogenetic analysis was used to identify the local blackfly vectors of onchocerciasis in the Uluguru Mts. focus, Morogoro region, central Tanzania. Cytotaxonomic identification revealed the occurrence of three cytospecies of the <jats:italic>Simulium damnosum<\/jats:italic> complex, along altitudinal gradients. The cytoform \u2018Nkusi\u2019 was found breeding at low to mid\u2010altitudes (100\u2013500\u2003m), while <jats:italic>S. kilibanum<\/jats:italic> was found at mid\u2010 and high altitudes (300\u20131260\u2003m), being sympatric with \u2018Sebwe\u2019 only in the highlands. The analyses further revealed the cytoform \u2018Nkusi\u2019 from the nearby Kilosa focus. <jats:italic>Simulium kilibanum<\/jats:italic> and \u2018Nkusi\u2019 are potential vectors of onchocerciasis, while the \u2018Sebwe\u2019 form is considered non\u2010anthropophilic and therefore not a vector. By means of molecular typing of wild\u2010caught females, \u2018Nkusi\u2019 was incriminated as the man\u2010biting fly at all catching sites, and consequently, is the assumed vector of onchocerciasis over the full altitude range. In the high altitude zones, however, <jats:italic>S. neavei<\/jats:italic> group species may act as secondary vectors at the edge of the forest reserve, if transmission actually occurs there at all. Our results also suggest that vector control could be feasible because of the vector species breeding in the foothills below 500\u2003m in relatively accessible open country.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01662.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,7]],"date-time":"2006-07-07T00:51:46Z","timestamp":1152233506000},"page":"1066-1074","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cytogenetic and PCR\u2010based identification of <i>S. damnosum<\/i>\u2018Nkusi J\u2019 as the anthropophilic blackfly in the Uluguru onchocerciasis focus in Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Krueger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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