{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:56:27Z","timestamp":1787014587297,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,6]],"date-time":"2006-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1152144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS) with two\u2010stage sampling plan was applied for rapid monitoring of coverage after every round of mass drug administration (MDA). A Primary Health Centre (PHC) consisting of 29 villages in Thiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu was selected as the study area. Two threshold levels of coverage were used: threshold A (maximum: 60%; minimum: 40%) and threshold B (maximum: 80%; minimum: 60%). Based on these thresholds, one sampling plan each for A and B was derived with the necessary sample size and the number of allowable defectives (i.e. defectives mean those who have not received the drug). Using data generated through simple random sampling (SRSI) of 1750 individuals in the study area, LQAS was validated with the above two sampling plans for its diagnostic and field applicability. Simultaneously, a household survey (SRSH) was conducted for validation and cost\u2010effectiveness analysis. Based on SRSH survey, the estimated coverage was 93.5% (CI: 91.7\u201395.3%). LQAS with threshold A revealed that by sampling a maximum of 14 individuals and by allowing four defectives, the coverage was \u226560% in &gt;90% of villages at the first stage. Similarly, with threshold B by sampling a maximum of nine individuals and by allowing four defectives, the coverage was \u226580% in &gt;90% of villages at the first stage. These analyses suggest that the sampling plan (14,4,52,25) of threshold A may be adopted in MDA to assess if a minimum coverage of 60% has been achieved. However, to achieve the goal of elimination, the sampling plan (9, 4, 42, 29) of threshold B can identify villages in which the coverage is &lt;80% so that remedial measures can be taken. Cost\u2010effectiveness analysis showed that both options of LQAS are more cost\u2010effective than SRSH to detect a village with a given level of coverage. The cost per village was US $76.18 under SRSH. The cost of LQAS was US $65.81 and 55.63 per village for thresholds A and B respectively. The total financial cost of classifying a village correctly with the given threshold level of LQAS could be reduced by 14% and 26% of the cost of conventional SRSH method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01670.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,6]],"date-time":"2006-07-06T06:45:34Z","timestamp":1152168334000},"page":"1256-1263","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Operational feasibility of lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS) as a tool in routine process monitoring of filariasis control programmes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Vanamail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Subramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Srividya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Ravi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Krishnamoorthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. K.","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2005.01446.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"Towards elimination of lymphatic filariasis in India, problems, challenges, opportunities and new initiatives","volume":"13","author":"Das PK","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of International Medical Science Academy"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/000349802125002518"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(01)90260-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"41","article-title":"Prospects of elimination of lymphatic filariasis in India","volume":"32","author":"Das PK","year":"2002","journal-title":"ICMR Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"v","volume-title":"Introduction. Lymphoedema Staff Manual: Treatment, and Prevention of problems Associated with Lymphatic Filariasis","author":"Dreyer G","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Directorate of National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme: Directorate of General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare","author":"Government of India","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyh024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"A statistical approach to monitor ongoing intervention for control of lymphatic filariasis","volume":"32","author":"Lakshmi A","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Communicable Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"115","article-title":"Lot quality assurance sampling: single and double\u2010sampling plans","volume":"44","author":"Lemeshow S","year":"1991","journal-title":"World Health Statistics Quarterly"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"234","article-title":"Estimation of immunisation coverages in children by WHO 30\u2010cluster survey","volume":"97","author":"Murthy BN","year":"1993","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Medical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"555","article-title":"Lot Quality assurance sampling for monitoring immunization coverage in Madras city","volume":"36","author":"Murthy BN","year":"1999","journal-title":"Indian Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"877","article-title":"Field trial of applicability of lot quality assurance sampling survey method for rapid assessment of prevalence of active trachoma","volume":"81","author":"Myatt M","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2000.00620.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2003.01019.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2002.00935.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86821999000300022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","first-page":"269","article-title":"Evaluation of immunization coverage by lot quality assurance sampling compared with 30\u2010cluster sampling in a primary health centre in India","volume":"74","author":"Singh J","year":"1996","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"501","article-title":"Using lot quality assurance sampling to improve immunization coverage in Bangladesh","volume":"79","author":"Tawfik Y","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/25.2.381"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","first-page":"A 50.29","volume-title":"Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis as a Public Health Problem","author":"World Health Assembly","year":"1997"}],"container-title":["Tropical Medicine &amp; International Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3156.2006.01670.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01670.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T00:56:00Z","timestamp":1696899360000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01670.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,24]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01670.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01670.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2276","1365-3156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2276","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,24]]}}}