{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T05:58:37Z","timestamp":1774504717565,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,24]],"date-time":"2006-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1156377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold> Information on <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> species diversity in western Brazilian Amazon and the clinical picture of human cutaneous leishmaniasis it causes is scarce. We describe clinical findings, diagnostic procedures and identification of <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> species in patients from that region.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> The sample consisted of 50 patients, prospectively evaluated for epidemiological and clinical characteristics by means of a structured questionnaire. Conventional and molecular tools were applied to confirm the parasitological diagnosis and identify the species responsible for the disease.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Patients were predominantly male (76.5%) and living in rural areas. Median average age was 18\u2003years and median average disease evolution was 8\u2003weeks. For the diagnostic procedures of leishmanin skin test, direct visualization of amastigotes in dermal scrapings and parasite culture of aspirates of the ulcer border were positive for 98%, 52% and 34%, respectively. Molecular methods applied to DNA extracted from skin biopsies of the 50 patients yielded 100%, 82% and 44% positivity by PCR minicircle kDNA, PCR\u2010RFLP ITS1rDNA and PCR\u2010glucose\u20106\u2010phosphate (G6P), respectively. Fourteen samples from 13 patients were successfully isolated and identified. Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, PCR\u2010RFLP ITS1rDNA and PCR\u2010G6P permitted identification of the <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> species responsible for the aetiology of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in 60% of the examined patients: 16 <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Viannia<\/jats:italic>) <jats:italic>braziliensis<\/jats:italic>, 12 <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Viannia<\/jats:italic>) <jats:italic>lainsoni<\/jats:italic>, 1 <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Viannia<\/jats:italic>) <jats:italic>guyanensis<\/jats:italic> and 1 putative hybrid of <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Viannia<\/jats:italic>) <jats:italic>naiffi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>V.<\/jats:italic>) <jats:italic>lainsoni<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> The clinical and epidemiological behaviour of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Acre, Brazil, is similar to other Amazon scenarios previously described; however Acre's complex parasite diversity may be contributed to the concomitant circulation of at least three distinct <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> species. The implementation of control interventions in the studied area must take into consideration the possibility of various expected phlebotomine vectors and reservoirs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01695.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,29]],"date-time":"2006-08-29T22:43:58Z","timestamp":1156891438000},"page":"1388-1398","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Species diversity causing human cutaneous leishmaniasis in Rio Branco, state of Acre, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Anna Christina","family":"Tojal da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Cupolillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c2ngela Cristina","family":"Volpini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roque","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gustavo Adolfo","family":"Sierra Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000080689"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(92)90544-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.2.540-546.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86821984000400002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1994.50.296"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.7.3126-3132.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761997000500002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-706X(95)00094-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"165","article-title":"Hybrid formation within the genus Leishmania","volume":"29","author":"Evans DA","year":"1987","journal-title":"Parassitologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762003000600007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761996000100006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1989.41.687"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.6.3.230"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(02)90061-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761994000300027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.59.312"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.65.902","article-title":"Simple form of clinical sample preservation and Leishmania DNA extraction from human lesions for diagnosis of American cutaneous leishmaniasis via polymerase chain reaction","volume":"65","author":"Marques MJ","year":"2001","journal-title":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4758(85)90057-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(01)90185-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.129.3.926","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies that distinguish subspecies of Leishmania braziliensis","volume":"12","author":"McMahon\u2010Pratt D","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(81)90191-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade (Brazil)(2004)Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana. 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