{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T08:48:51Z","timestamp":1768898931146,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,15]],"date-time":"2006-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1155600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives\u2002<\/jats:bold> To estimate the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children &lt;5\u2003years of age living in a rural area of southern Mozambique.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> As part of the clinical management of children admitted to Manhi\u00e7a District Hospital, prospective surveillance for invasive bacterial disease was conducted from June 2001 to May 2003. The level of antibiotic resistance of the isolates was also analysed.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:italic>Pneumococcus<\/jats:italic> was the most commonly isolated bacterium, accounting for 212 episodes. The estimated crude incidence rate of IPD in the study area among children &lt;5\u2003years of age was 416\/100\u2003000 per child\u2010year at risk. The youngest age group (&lt;3\u2003months) had the highest incidence (779\/100\u2003000). Cases were detected during both rainy and dry seasons. The most common clinical diagnosis was pneumonia, made in 146\/212 (69%) of the episodes of IPD. The overall case fatality rate was 10%, being highest among children with pneumococcal meningitis (5\/9\u2003=\u200356%). Pneumococcal isolates were highly susceptible to penicillin (86% susceptible and 14% with intermediate resistance) and chloramphenicol (98% susceptible). In contrast, up to 37% of the isolates tested were non\u2010susceptible to cotrimoxazole.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> Incidence rates of IPD and associated mortality shown in this study highlight the need for pneumococcal vaccines in rural Africa, which must be effective in infants and young children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01697.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,15]],"date-time":"2006-08-15T11:53:55Z","timestamp":1155642835000},"page":"1422-1431","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Invasive pneumococcal disease in children &lt;5\u2003years of age in rural Mozambique"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Roca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Siga\u00faque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ll.","family":"Quint\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Mandomando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Vall\u00e8s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Espasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Abacassamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Sacarlal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Macete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Nhacolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Levine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2003.01182.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)90505-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"89","volume-title":"In Population Health in Developing Countries","author":"Alonso PL","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17223-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","unstructured":"BarretoA Mac ArthurJ Sa\u00fateFet\u00a0al.(2004)Impacto Demogr\u00e1fico do HIV\/SIDA em Mo\u00e7ambique \u2013 Actualiza\u00e7\u00e3o. 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