{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:48:21Z","timestamp":1771462101860,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,27]],"date-time":"2006-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1164585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background\u2002<\/jats:bold> Studies in West Africa and elsewhere have suggested that Bacillus Calmette\u2010Gu\u00e9rin (BCG) vaccine given at birth is beneficial for child survival. It is possible that this effect is mediated partly through an effect on malaria, a hypothesis supported by animal studies. We investigated whether revaccination with BCG at 19\u2003months of age reduced morbidity from malaria.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Method\u2002<\/jats:bold> In the capital of Guinea\u2010Bissau, between January and November 2003, children who had previously received BCG vaccination and who did not have a strong reaction to tuberculin were individually randomised to either receive revaccination with BCG at the age of 19\u2003months or to be a control. Episodes of malaria were recorded during the 2003 malaria transmission season through passive case detection at health centres in the study area and at the national hospital. Cross\u2010sectional surveys were carried out at the beginning and at the end of the rainy season.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Incidence rates of first episodes of malaria associated with any level of parasitaemia were 0.16 episodes per child\u2010year among 713 revaccinated children and 0.12 among 720 control children [incidence rate ratio (IRR)\u2003=\u20031.37; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.84\u20132.25]. Results were similar when the diagnosis of malaria was based on the presence of parasitaemia &gt;5000 parasites\/<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>l (IRR\u2003=\u20031.30; 95% CI: 0.61\u20132.77). The incidence of all\u2010cause hospitalisation was higher among BCG\u2010revaccinated children than among controls (IRR\u2003=\u20032.13; 95% CI: 1.10\u20134.13). There were no significant differences in the prevalence of parasitaemia between the two groups of children at cross\u2010sectional surveys.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> We found no evidence that BCG revaccination reduces morbidity from malaria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01766.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,27]],"date-time":"2006-11-27T19:52:31Z","timestamp":1164657151000},"page":"224-229","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Revaccination with Bacillus Calmette\u2010Guerin (BCG) vaccine does not reduce morbidity from malaria in African children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Amabelia","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna Armstrong","family":"Schellenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine Stabell","family":"Benn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Aaby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Greenwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/259309a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.17.2.430-438.1977","article-title":"Suppression of babesiosis in BCG\u2010infected mice and its correlation with tumour inhibition","volume":"17","author":"Clark IA","year":"1977","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7274.1435"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(00)00257-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.33.1.199-211.1981","article-title":"Host\u2010defenses in murine malaria: nonspecific resistance to Plasmodium berghei generated in response to Mycobacterium bovis infection or Corynebacterium parvum stimulation","volume":"33","author":"Murphy JR","year":"1981","journal-title":"Infecion and Immunity"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.01.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000129693.81082.a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Premunition antituberculeuse par le BCG. Campagne poursuivie depuis 1935 sur 21,244 nouveau\u2010n\u00e9s vaccines et 20,063 non vaccines","volume":"32","author":"Sergent E","year":"1954","journal-title":"Archives de l'Institut Pasteur d'Algerie"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/20.2.474"}],"container-title":["Tropical Medicine &amp; International Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3156.2006.01766.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01766.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T02:14:58Z","timestamp":1696904098000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01766.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,27]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01766.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01766.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2276","1365-3156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2276","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,27]]}}}