{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T22:42:42Z","timestamp":1768689762371,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,28]],"date-time":"2007-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1196208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold> To assess the application of allele\u2010specific PCR (AS\u2010PCR) as a fast, cheap and reliable method for detecting mutant TbAT1 associated with melarsoprol relapse in <jats:italic>Trypanosoma brucei gambiense<\/jats:italic> isolates from northwest Uganda.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> A total of 105 trypanosome isolates were analysed using <jats:italic>Sfa<\/jats:italic>N1 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and AS\u2010PCR, the former used as the gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of AS\u2010PCR as well as agreement between the tests were determined.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Eleven trypanosome isolates had mutant TbAT1 while 94 exhibited the wild\u2010type TbAT1 genes. There was a highly significant agreement between <jats:italic>Sfa<\/jats:italic>N1 RFLP and AS\u2010PCR with kappa and intra\u2010class correlation values of 1.0. The sensitivity and specificity of AS\u2010PCR were both 100%, while the positive and negative predictive values were found to be equal to 1.0. Cost and time analyses were performed and AS\u2010PCR was 4.3 times cheaper than <jats:italic>Sfa<\/jats:italic>N1 RFLP, in addition to the less time required for its execution.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> AS\u2010PCR should be the test of choice for screening for mutant TbAT1 in the ever\u2010increasing numbers of field trypanosome isolates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2007.01918.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,11]],"date-time":"2010-08-11T22:09:09Z","timestamp":1281564549000},"page":"1361-1368","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Detection of mutant P2 adenosine transporter (TbAT1) gene in <i>Trypanosoma brucei gambiense<\/i> isolates from northwest Uganda using allele\u2010specific polymerase chain reaction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"Nerima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enock","family":"Matovu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George W.","family":"Lubega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John C. K.","family":"Enyaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-006-0141-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4758(99)01414-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(94)00215-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000239130"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/361173a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.56.6.1162"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2006.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(01)00415-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(99)90151-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.285.5425.242"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2001.00712.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01432-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(01)00332-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.2.5.1003-1008.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(91)90032-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)60410-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-706X(94)90013-2"}],"container-title":["Tropical Medicine &amp; International Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3156.2007.01918.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2007.01918.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T20:27:45Z","timestamp":1696883265000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2007.01918.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2007.01918.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2007.01918.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2276","1365-3156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2276","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]}}}