{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T15:02:30Z","timestamp":1700665350056},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,6]],"date-time":"2008-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":36,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold> To estimate the probabilities of intrapartum and postpartum HIV\u20101 mother\u2010to\u2010child\u2010transmission according to various feeding practices (formula feeding, exclusive breastfeeding, or mixed\u2010feeding) and to other mother and infant covariates.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> We used the promotion time model extended to multiple exposures to study the probability of infection attributable to each transmission occasion. Blood samples from 551 infants from Durban (South Africa) born to HIV\u20101 positive untreated mothers between 1995 and 1998 were sequentially tested until 15\u2003months.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> The probability of infection attributable to in utero and intrapartum transmission was 21.88% (18.71\u201325.20) and was not significantly associated with the feeding practice. The probability of infection attributable to postnatal transmission through exclusive breastfeeding was negligible \u22120.7% (0\u20132.5) for 6\u2003months of exclusive breastfeeding\u2010\u2010 in comparison with that observed with mixed\u2010feeding \u22126.15% (3.16\u20139.57) for 6\u2003months of mixed\u2010feeding. Maternal CD4 cell count and gestational age were significant predictors of intrapartum transmission probability while maternal CD4 cell count and maternal haemoglobin concentration were significant predictors of postpartum transmission probability.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> Decisions about appropriate infant feeding practices should take into account the difference in postpartum transmission risk between exclusive and mixed\u2010feeding. Mixed\u2010feeding should be all the more avoided that mothers have poor immunological statuses and low haemoglobin concentrations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2008.02004.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,11]],"date-time":"2010-08-11T22:27:15Z","timestamp":1281565635000},"page":"310-318","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Diversity of risk of mother\u2010to\u2010child HIV\u20101 transmission according to feeding practices, CD4 cell count, and haemoglobin concentration in a South African cohort"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Tournoud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Ecochard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Kuhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Coutsoudis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1017\/S002193200000047X","article-title":"Breast\u2010feeding, diarrhoea and sanitation as components of infant and child health: a study of large scale survey data from Ghana and Nigeria","volume":"32","author":"Ahiadeke C","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Biosocial Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)90534-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1952.10501187","article-title":"Survival curves for cancer patients following treatment","volume":"47","author":"Berkson J","year":"1952","journal-title":"JASA"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199210223271718"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60283-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)01101-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200102160-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/420834"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.9.1175"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199509000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0115426505020005526"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000166093.16446.c9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/317918"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200402010-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.1995.tb00113.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","first-page":"138","article-title":"Alpha\u2010defensins in the prevention of HIV transmission among breastfed infants","volume":"39","author":"Kuhn L","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)01419-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200103090-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","unstructured":"LeroyV BecquetR RouetFet\u00a0al.(2004)Postnatal transmission risk according to feeding modalities in children born to HIV\u2010infected mothers in a PMTCT project in Abidjan C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. 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