{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T10:00:52Z","timestamp":1790935252833,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,12]],"date-time":"2011-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1305158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives\u2002<\/jats:bold> To determine the levels of resistance to first\u2010line tuberculosis drugs in three cities in three geopolitical zones in Nigeria.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> A total of 527 smear\u2010positive sputum samples from Abuja, Ibadan and Nnewi were cultured on BACTEC\u2010 MGIT 960. Drug susceptibility tests (DST) for streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol were performed on 428 culture\u2010positive samples on BACTEC\u2010MGIT960.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Eight per cent of the specimens cultured were multi\u2010drug\u2010resistant <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> (MDR\u2010TB) with varying levels of resistance to individual and multiple first\u2013line drugs. MDR was strongly associated with previous treatment: 5% of new and 19% of previously treated patients had MDR\u2010TB (OR 4.1 (95% CI 1.9\u20138.8), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.001) and with young adult age: 63% of patients with and 38% without MDR\u2010TB were 25\u201334\u2003years old (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.01). HIV status was documented in 71%. There was no association between MDR\u2010TB and HIV coinfection (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.9) and gender (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&gt;\u20030.2 for both).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u00a0<\/jats:bold> MDR\u2010TB is an emerging problem in Nigeria. Developing good quality drug susceptibility test facilities, routine monitoring of drug susceptibility and improved health systems for the delivery of and adherence to first\u2010 and second\u2010line treatment are imperative to solve this problem.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2011.02792.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,13]],"date-time":"2011-05-13T03:36:55Z","timestamp":1305257815000},"page":"974-980","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Resistance to first\u2010line tuberculosis drugs in three cities of Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Lawson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. A.","family":"Yassin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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