{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T11:31:22Z","timestamp":1781523082722,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,20]],"date-time":"2011-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1308528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives\u2002<\/jats:bold> To compare (i) side effects associated with the simultaneous adminstration of praziquantel, albendazole and ivermectin with side affects associated with albendazole and ivermectin only and (ii) coverage by volunteers distributing three or two drugs.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> Two\u2010arm comparative study in northern Ghana integrated praziquantel distribution into an existing lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis control programme using Community Directed Distributors. The control arm continued to distribute only ivermectin and albendazole. Dosages of ivermectin and praziquantel were based on height. Treatment was directly observed, and all two\/three drugs were co\u2010administered. Adverse effects were recorded based on passive surveillance. Parasitological, anthropometric and haematological data were collected at baseline.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Prevalence of <jats:italic>Schistosoma haematobium<\/jats:italic> infection among 1001 (boys: 47.9% girls: 52.1%) school\u2010age children (6\u201315\u2003years) [intervention: 30.0% (CI: 23.1\u201334.2); control: 23.0% (CI: 18.9\u201327.0)], mean haemoglobin, weight and age were similar among the intervention and control groups. While 1676 (99.1%) compounds in the control area were visited and 15\u2003020 (96.58%) people were treated, only 1375 (88.5%) compounds in the intervention area were visited and 8454 (80.97%) people treated (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). The numbers of adverse effects were similar (intervention: 50\/6896; control: 130\/15\u2003020). The most reported adverse effects was headache (intervention: 14\/50; control: 13\/130), followed by body weakness, which was reported more from the intervention group (intervention: 13\/50, 95% CI: 14.6\u201340.3; control: 6\/130, 95% CI: 1.7\u20139.8]. Sixty\u2010six per cent (6896\/10\u2003441) of the eligible population received praziquantel.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> Reported adverse events were mild and managed at the subdistrict level with no cases of hospitalization; intensive health education will, however, be required to improve coverage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2011.02814.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,21]],"date-time":"2011-06-21T04:01:19Z","timestamp":1308628879000},"page":"1112-1119","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Simultaneous administration of praziquantel, ivermectin and albendazole, in a community in rural northern Ghana endemic for schistosomiasis, onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Francis","family":"Anto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Asoala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Anyorigiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham","family":"Oduro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Adjuik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Akweongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Aborigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Langbong","family":"Bimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Amankwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham","family":"Hodgson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmp106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"319","article-title":"Urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis in the Tono Irrigation Scheme, Kassena\/Nankana District, upper east region, Ghana","volume":"45","author":"Amankwa JA","year":"1994","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine and Parasitology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00291950802335772"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000728"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(94)90160-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.2001.11813617"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2009.02442.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66457-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000171"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2005.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2010.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","unstructured":"Navrongo Demographic Surveillance SystemAnnual report2009."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"198","article-title":"Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in the school population in Senegal in 2002","volume":"50","author":"Ndiaye D","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dakar Medical"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-2276.2003.01124.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/136485907X176355"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"367","article-title":"A community trial of ivermectin in the onchocerciasis focus of Asubende, Ghana. 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