{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T17:56:53Z","timestamp":1794333413072,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,21]],"date-time":"2011-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1308614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold> To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) urine dipstick test for detecting <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S. haematobium<\/jats:italic> alongside an integrated rapid mapping survey in Southern Sudan.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods and Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> A total of 373 children aged 5\u201316\u2003years were included in the study. Of these 26.0% were infected with <jats:italic>S. haematobium<\/jats:italic> and 24.5% were infected with <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>, as identified by urine filtration or single Kato\u2013Katz thick smear, respectively. The CCA performed moderately in detecting <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>, with sensitivity of 89.1% and specificity of 74.2%, and poorly in detecting <jats:italic>S. haematobium<\/jats:italic> infections, with a sensitivity of 36.8% and specificity of 78.9%. This may be a slight underestimate of true CCA accuracy, since only single stool and urine samples were examined by microscopy. The true \u2018gold standard\u2019 for comparison would have been the collection of multiple stool samples over consecutive days.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> The poor CCA accuracy for diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis means that this test is currently not suitable for rapid mapping of schistosomiasis in areas where both <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S. haematobium<\/jats:italic> may be endemic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2011.02815.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,22]],"date-time":"2011-06-22T04:27:21Z","timestamp":1308716841000},"page":"1099-1103","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Accuracy of circulating cathodic antigen tests for rapid mapping of <i>Schistosoma mansoni<\/i> and <i>S. haematobium<\/i> infections in Southern Sudan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ruth A.","family":"Ashton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barclay T.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Petty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mounir","family":"Lado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Finn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Brooker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan H.","family":"Kolaczinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2008151069"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2004.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182003004128"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000779"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.12.5458-5461.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1996.54.319","article-title":"Day\u2010to\u2010day egg count fluctuation in Schistosoma mansoni infection and its operational implications","volume":"54","author":"Engels D","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2001.00687.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19981015)17:19<2207::AID-SIM920>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2006.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2008152151"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/136485908X337490"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000317"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2009.02407.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-3-64"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-3-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2005.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2009.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000537"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182001007752"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182009991600"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2010.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Prevention and control of schistosomiasis and soil\u2010transmitted helminthiasis: report of a WHO Expert Committee","author":"WHO","year":"2002"}],"container-title":["Tropical Medicine &amp; 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