{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T08:05:31Z","timestamp":1793088331680,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,14]],"date-time":"2011-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1310601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    To determine the competence of community health workers (CHWs) to correctly assess, classify and treat malaria and pneumonia among under\u2010five children after training.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Consultations of 182 under\u2010fives by 14 CHWs in Iganga district, Uganda, were observed using standardised checklists. Each CHW saw 13 febrile children. Two paediatricians observed CHWs\u2019 assessment, classification and prescription of treatment, while a laboratory scientist assessed CHW use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). The validity of CHWs\u2019 use of RDTs to detect malaria and respiratory timers to diagnose pneumonia was estimated using a laboratory scientist\u2019s RDT repeat reading and a paediatrician\u2019s repeat count of the respiratory rate, respectively.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    From the 182 consultations, overall CHWs\u2019 performance was adequate in taking history (97%), use (following procedures prior to reading result) of timers (96%) and use of RDTs (96%), but inadequate in classification (87%). Breath readings (classified as fast or normal) were 85% in agreement with the paediatrician (\u03ba\u2003=\u20030.665,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003&lt;\u20030.001). All RDT readings were in agreement with those obtained by the laboratory scientist. Ninety\u2010six per cent (85\/89) of children with a positive RDT were prescribed an antimalarial drug, 40% (4\/10) with fast breathing (gold standard) were prescribed an antibiotic and 91% (48\/53) with both were prescribed both medicines.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Community health workers can be trained to use RDTs and timers to assess and manage malaria and pneumonia in children. We recommend integration of these diagnostics into community case management of fever. CHWs require enhanced practice in counting respiratory rates and simple job aides to enable them make a classification without thinking deeply about several assessment results.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2011.02831.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,14]],"date-time":"2011-07-14T03:40:12Z","timestamp":1310614812000},"page":"1234-1242","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["Can lay community health workers be trained to use diagnostics to distinguish and treat malaria and pneumonia in children? Lessons from rural Uganda"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Mukanga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Babirye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. W.","family":"Pariyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Ojiambo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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