{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T22:34:24Z","timestamp":1792708464148,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,9]],"date-time":"2012-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold> To describe and validate fluorescence <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> hybridization (FISH), a new method of <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> spp. identification. FISH allows for a rapid detection of target organisms by specific binding of fluorescently labelled oligonucleotide probes to ribosomal RNA.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> Two genus\u2010specific, fluorescently labelled <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> spp. FISH probes were designed and evaluated with a panel of 18 <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> spp. and six <jats:italic>Trypanosoma<\/jats:italic> spp. including well\u2010defined strains and clinical isolates. In addition, the FISH probes were tested in comparison with Giemsa staining in formalin\u2010fixed, paraffin\u2010embedded tissues of five mice that had been artificially infected with <jats:italic>Leishmania major<\/jats:italic> strains, leading to concordant results. Finally, 11 tissue samples of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis, four tissue samples of patients with visceral leishmaniasis, and one native bone marrow sample of a patient with visceral leishmaniasis were analysed with FISH and Giemsa staining.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Concordant results were achieved by FISH and Giemsa staining in 15\/16 specimens.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> This analysis provides proof of principle that FISH is a suitable method for the rapid and easy detection of <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> spp. in formalin\u2010fixed, paraffin\u2010embedded tissue samples. Because of the good contrast of <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> spp. in tissue, FISH facilitates the identification of these organisms in tissue samples even by less experienced investigators.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2012.03024.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,9]],"date-time":"2012-07-09T05:08:56Z","timestamp":1341810536000},"page":"1117-1126","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Rapid identification of <i>Leishmania<\/i> spp. in formalin\u2010fixed, paraffin\u2010embedded tissue samples by fluorescence <i>in situ<\/i> hybridization"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Hagen","family":"Frickmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaser","family":"Alnamar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Essig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Clos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Racz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas F.","family":"Barth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf M.","family":"Hagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcellus","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Poppert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.59.1.143-169.1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.81.46","article-title":"Is real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) more useful than a conventional PCR for the clinical management of leishmaniasis?","volume":"81","author":"Antinori S","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"316","article-title":"Giemsa stain in the differential diagnosis of infectious diseases with cutaneous involvement","volume":"42","author":"Arechavala AI","year":"2010","journal-title":"Revista Argentina de Microbiologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4758(87)90174-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000083463"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.78.122","article-title":"A real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction assay for the identification and quantification of American Leishmania species on the basis of glucose\u20106\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase","volume":"78","author":"Castilho TM","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.d5462"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(00)90093-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1431927604040942"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02555-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2009.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"363","article-title":"Comparison of diagnostic methods in cutaneous leishmaniasis (histopathology compared to skin smears)","volume":"23","author":"Gazozai S","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.6.3.230"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/mp.55.6.398"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2011.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3282883"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.2.818-825.2000","article-title":"Specific and rapid detection by fluorescent in situ hybridization of bacteria in clinical samples obtained from cystic fibrosis patients","volume":"38","author":"Hogardt M","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-004-0229-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.2.830-838.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(84)90088-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-7-240"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2008.01706.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1989.tb03688.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","first-page":"228","article-title":"Comparison of Giemsa and acridine orange stains for the diagnosis of Leishmania donovani in biopsies of infected hamsters","volume":"2","author":"Mbati PA","year":"1995","journal-title":"African Journal of Health Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1159\/000325174","article-title":"Comparison of cytologic giemsa and real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction technique for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis on scraping smears","volume":"54","author":"Meymandi SS","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Cytologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/eri.10.78"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7012(00)00152-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7012(02)00099-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-1920-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2011.05.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.8.4081-4089.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.7.3390-3397.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.015503-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70209-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2246","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.32.9.2246-2252.1994","article-title":"Diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis and species discrimination of parasites by PCR and hybridization","volume":"32","author":"Rodr\u00edguez N","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2010.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.2.813-815.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2010.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182010001538"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(91)90106-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(01)48003-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00054725-200608000-00018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000581"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14737159.3.5.657"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01416-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00578504"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2006.01422.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.8.4070-4075.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2007.00483.x"}],"container-title":["Tropical Medicine &amp; International Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3156.2012.03024.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2012.03024.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T09:35:00Z","timestamp":1698658500000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2012.03024.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,9]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2012.03024.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2012.03024.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2276","1365-3156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2276","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,9]]}}}