{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T11:14:10Z","timestamp":1790075650985,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,5]],"date-time":"2012-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1344124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives\u2002<\/jats:bold> To evaluate the utility of a simple questionnaire and urine reagent strip testing for the rapid diagnosis of <jats:italic>Schistosoma haematobium<\/jats:italic> in rural northern Ghana.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> Cross\u2010sectional parasitological and questionnaire survey in a community in northern Ghana. Participants provided two urine specimens that were examined under a microscope using a centrifugation method. The first urine sample was additionally subjected to reagent strip testing. A short questionnaire was administered to all participants.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Microscopy of urine samples obtained from 208 individuals aged 1\u201377\u2003years revealed an <jats:italic>S.\u00a0haematobium<\/jats:italic> prevalence of 6.8%. The presence of any blood or protein on a urine reagent strip was 100% and 42% sensitive, and 93% and 80% specific for <jats:italic>S.\u00a0haematobium<\/jats:italic> diagnosis. Questionnaires were completed by 198 individuals. Self\u2010reported haematuria showed a sensitivity of 53% and a specificity of 85%. A dichotomous two\u2010question panel was helpful in <jats:italic>S.\u00a0haematobium<\/jats:italic> diagnosis, with working and playing near the river significantly associated with <jats:italic>S.\u00a0haematobium<\/jats:italic> infection (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> The use of urine reagent strips, coupled with questions pertaining to water contact patterns, might be considered for point\u2010of\u2010contact diagnosis of <jats:italic>S.\u00a0haematobium<\/jats:italic> where microscopy is unavailable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2012.03054.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,6]],"date-time":"2012-08-06T01:45:18Z","timestamp":1344217518000},"page":"1217-1221","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Simple questionnaire and urine reagent strips compared to microscopy for the diagnosis of <i>Schistosoma haematobium<\/i> in a community in northern Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Isaac I.","family":"Bogoch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason R.","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard K.","family":"Dadzie Ephraim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrg","family":"Utzinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"319","article-title":"Urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis in the Tono irrigation scheme, Kassena\/Nankana district, upper east region, Ghana","volume":"45","author":"Amankwa JA","year":"1994","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine and 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