{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T11:34:46Z","timestamp":1787830486069,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]],"date-time":"2011-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1309478400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a common canine autoimmune disease that usually manifests as a localized ulcerative and scarring nasal dermatitis. We report herein a generalized variant of canine DLE successfully treated with the antimalarial immunomodulator hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). A 9\u2010year\u2010old hairless Chinese crested dog was presented with annular and polycyclic hyperpigmented and scaly skin lesions with central erosions, hypopigmentation and\/or scarring on the trunk, neck and lateral extremities. Associated systemic signs were not seen. The clinical diagnosis of generalized DLE was supported by the demonstration of lymphocyte\u2010rich interface dermatitis with epidermal atrophy and dermo\u2010epidermal deposition of immunoglobulins and activated complement. As for human DLE, treatment was initiated with HCQ at 5\u2003mg\/kg once daily along with 2\u2003weeks of 0.1% tacrolimus ointment and restriction of sun exposure. Over the following year, complete remission was maintained with HCQ at 5\u2003mg\/kg orally once daily with the exception of three relapses; two occurred during treatment induction and the third arose when the frequency of HCQ administration was reduced to every other day. Disease flares were controlled with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment alternating with 0.1% prednicarbate cream once daily for 5\u201310\u2003days. Altogether, adverse drug events were not seen with this regimen. In summary, clinically, histologically and immunologically, this dog\u2019s disease mirrored the generalized discoid variant of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus of humans. The apparent benefit of HCQ, its safety and low cost warrant future investigations of its use for treatment of canine cutaneous lupus variants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2011.00994.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]],"date-time":"2011-07-01T09:44:28Z","timestamp":1309513468000},"page":"65","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Successful treatment of a novel generalized variant of canine discoid lupus erythematosus with oral hydroxychloroquine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ursula","family":"Oberkirchner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith E.","family":"Linder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Olivry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096120339700600203"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11310780-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2427(79)90009-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2427(83)90031-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_2","first-page":"539","article-title":"Immune\u2010mediated dermatoses in domestic animals: ten years after \u2013 part II","volume":"9","author":"Scott DW","year":"1987","journal-title":"Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_2","first-page":"205","article-title":"Discoid lupus erythematosus in the dog: 22 cases. [in French.]","volume":"22","author":"Olivry T","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pratique M\u00e9dicale et Chirurgicale de L\u2019 Animal de Compagnie"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/0400029"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_2","first-page":"188","article-title":"A randomized, double\u2010blinded placebo controlled cross\u2010over study evaluating 0.03% tacrolimus ointment monotherapy in the treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus in dogs (abstract)","volume":"18","author":"Messinger L","year":"2007","journal-title":"Veterinary Dermatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1992.200.10.1497","article-title":"Use of tetracycline and niacinamide for treatment of autoimmune skin disease in 31 dogs","volume":"200","author":"White SD","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_2","first-page":"CD002954","article-title":"Drugs for discoid lupus erythematosus","volume":"4","author":"Jessop S","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-008-0894-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203310370345"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(99)00092-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.70.633"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_16_2","first-page":"427","article-title":"The utility of the lupus band test on sun\u2010protected nonlesional skin for the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"17","author":"Cardinali C","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01168-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200607030-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2010.00867.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2005.00468.x"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3164.2011.00994.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2011.00994.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T10:18:47Z","timestamp":1712571527000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2011.00994.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2011.00994.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2011.00994.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-4493","1365-3164"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-4493","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3164","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-07-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}