{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T19:16:15Z","timestamp":1770750975008,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,19]],"date-time":"2013-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1358553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/jats:bold> Topical therapy, particularly with chlorhexidine, is becoming increasingly common as a treatment option for canine pyoderma; however, there are limited studies on the susceptibility of <jats:italic>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> to chlorhexidine compounds.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/jats:bold> To determine the <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> susceptibility of both meticillin\u2010resistant and meticillin\u2010susceptible <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> isolates to chlorhexidine and other antiseptic agents and the presence of multidrug efflux pump genes.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Samples\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/jats:bold> One hundred <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic> isolates from 23 initial and 77 recurrent cases of canine pyoderma.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/jats:bold> After bacterial identification and <jats:italic>mecA<\/jats:italic> testing, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antiseptic agents were determined. Multidrug efflux pump genes, including <jats:italic>qacA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>qacB<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>smr<\/jats:italic>, were identified.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/jats:bold> Of the 100 isolates, 57 were identified as meticillin\u2010resistant <jats:italic>S.\u00a0pseudintermedius<\/jats:italic>. The MIC<jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub> of chlorhexidine acetate, chlorhexidine gluconate, acriflavine, ethidium bromide and benzalkonium chloride were 1, 1, 2, 0.5 and 2\u2003\u03bcg\/mL, respectively. Multidrug efflux pump genes <jats:italic>qacA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>qacB<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>smr<\/jats:italic> were not detected in any of the isolates.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and clinical importance\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/jats:bold> The MICs for chlorhexidine and other antiseptics remain low, and multidrug efflux pump genes were not found in the tested isolates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2012.01103.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,19]],"date-time":"2013-01-19T14:29:52Z","timestamp":1358605792000},"page":"126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["<i>In vitro<\/i> antiseptic susceptibilities for <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius<\/i> isolated from canine superficial pyoderma in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Nobuo","family":"Murayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiko","family":"Nagata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuri","family":"Terada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mio","family":"Okuaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Takemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hidemasa","family":"Nakaminami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norihisa","family":"Noguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00360-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2736\/jjvd.12.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2010.00898.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2011.00968.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1985.tb133044.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir233"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.12.1.147"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/107662903765826697"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/42.4.475"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Physical and biochemical characterization of the qacA gene encoding antiseptic and disinfectant resistance in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"135","author":"Tennent JM","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Gen Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01232-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.10-0172"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk and Dilution Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria Isolated From Animals; 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