{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:02:11Z","timestamp":1761894131068},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,2]],"date-time":"2004-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1078185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background\u2002<\/jats:bold> Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary syndrome (SS) are the most common forms of cutaneous T\u2010cell lymphoma (CTCL). Various topical and systemic therapeutic alternatives are available, but there is no standard or definite curative treatment regimen. When making a decision about the appropriate treatment modality, the age and compliance of the patient, stage of the disease, treatment accessibility, and previous treatment history should be considered.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim\u2002<\/jats:bold> To determine the therapeutic response of patients with MF and SS to different treatment modalities. Patients were evaluated with respect to their clinical and demographic features.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> One hundred and thirteen patients diagnosed clinically and dermatopathologically with MF and SS between March 1984 and June 2001 were included in the study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Of the 113 patients studied, 110 had a diagnosis of MF and three had a diagnosis of SS; 101 patients (89.4%) were diagnosed with early stage (IA, IB, IIA) and 12 (10.6%) with late stage (IIB, III, IVA, IVB) disease. The age at diagnosis varied between 12 and 81\u00a0years (mean, 45.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a015.8\u00a0years). Fifty\u2010five (48.7%) patients were male and 58 (51.3%) were female. The duration of the skin lesions varied between 1.5\u00a0months and 32\u00a0years (mean, 6.1\u00a0years). Psoralen plus UVA (PUVA) was the most commonly used initial treatment modality in early stage disease (91%), with a complete remission (CR) rate of 80.4%. With PUVA\u00a0+\u00a0interferon\u2010\u03b1 (INF\u2010\u03b1) treatment, CR was 57% in the early stages and 33.3% in the late stages. For late stage disease, systemic therapies, such as pentostatin, gemcitabine, and fludarabine, alone or in combination with INF\u2010\u03b1, were preferred. Of the 113 patients, eight (7% of the total and 57.1% of the advanced stage cases) died of MF; 21.4% of the late stage patients showed partial remission and 14.2% showed CR. None of the patients diagnosed with early stage disease died of MF, but two (1.9%) progressed to late stage disease.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> PUVA and PUVA\u00a0+\u00a0INF\u2010\u03b1 are effective treatment modalities, especially for early stage MF. Once the disease has progressed, both MF and SS are very resistant to treatment regimens, including chemotherapeutic agents. It is important to diagnose and treat these diseases, especially MF, in the early stages for lasting remission.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02033.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,28]],"date-time":"2005-06-28T17:27:13Z","timestamp":1119979633000},"page":"559-565","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome: therapeutic approach and outcome in 113 patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Rana Yavuzer","family":"Anadolu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahu","family":"Birol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hatice","family":"Sanl\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cengizhan","family":"Erdem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00dcmit","family":"T\u00fcrsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","first-page":"55","article-title":"The morphological spectrum of T\u2010cell lymphomas of the skin","volume":"8","author":"Kerl H","year":"1991","journal-title":"Semin Diag Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8635(18)30191-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1994.tb00986.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1993.tb02734.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1996.03890290101014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1996.03890290096013","article-title":"If small plaque (digitate) parapsoriasis is a cutaneous T\u2010cell lymphoma, even an \u201cabortive\u201d one, it must be mycosis fungoides","volume":"132","author":"Ackerman AB","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","first-page":"354","article-title":"EORTC classification for primary cutaneous lymphomas: a proposal from the Cutaneous Lymphoma Study Group of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer","volume":"90","author":"Willemze R","year":"1997","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-199212000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","first-page":"725","article-title":"Report of the committee on staging and classification of cutaneous T\u2010cell lymphoma","volume":"63","author":"Bunn PJ","year":"1979","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(99)70491-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1988.03410010050033"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.135.1.26"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.136.4.504"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","first-page":"1077","article-title":"Ultraviolet radiation for treatment of cutaneous T\u2010cell lymphoma","volume":"9","author":"Herrmann JJ","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","first-page":"78","article-title":"PUVA therapie der mycosis fungoides","volume":"13","author":"H\u00f6nigsmann H","year":"1987","journal-title":"Akt Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-121-8-199410150-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","first-page":"1089","article-title":"Interferon in the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma","volume":"9","author":"Olsen EA","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.5530110403"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8635(05)70312-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","first-page":"3578","article-title":"Prospective randomized multicenter clinical trial on the use of interferon 2a plus acitretin versus interferon 2a plus PUVA in patients with cutaneous T\u2010cell lymphoma stages I and II","volume":"92","author":"Stadler R","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1995.13.1.257"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","first-page":"809","article-title":"Low dose interferon\u20102b combined with PUVA is an effective treatment of early stage mycosis fungoides: results of a multicenter study","volume":"84","author":"Rupoli S","year":"1999","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","first-page":"1109","article-title":"Chemotherapy for mycosis fungoides and the Sezary syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Rosen ST","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-78771-3_31"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000018214"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2001.02743.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.3.779"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1991.9.4.565"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.13.2603"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_2","first-page":"794","article-title":"In vitro study of the combination gemcitabine + fludarabine on freshly isolated chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells","volume":"84","author":"Tosi P","year":"1999","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(97)80279-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_2","first-page":"58","article-title":"Activity of pentostatin in cutaneous T\u2010cell lymphoma: single\u2010agent and combination studies","volume":"27","author":"Foss FM","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(97)70212-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1995.01690210033005","article-title":"Prognostic factors in erythrodermic mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome","volume":"131","author":"Kim YH","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-4632.2004.02033.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02033.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T08:20:56Z","timestamp":1696926056000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02033.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,16]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02033.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02033.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-9059","1365-4632"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0011-9059"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-4632"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2004-04-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}