{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T05:30:28Z","timestamp":1781155828223,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]],"date-time":"2005-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1117584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background\u2002<\/jats:bold> Autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) is often associated with alopecia areata (AA) in children and adolescents.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> Forty\u2010six children (23 girls and 23 boys), with a mean age of 9.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.38\u00a0years (2.24\u201317.5\u00a0years), were included in a study to assess thyroid function and thyroid autoantibody formation in AA. The size and function of the thyroid gland [triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) test; fluoroimmunologic assay (FIA), Delfia], antithyroglobulin (TAT) and antimicrosomal (MAT) antibodies (microhemagglutination method), thyroid gland ultrasound, and indices of cellular and humoral immunity were assessed.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Thyromegaly was found in 29 children (63%). Increased basal TSH levels were present in six of the 29 (13.3%) and hypothyroid\u2010type stimulated secretion (TRH test) in two (out of 12). TAT was increased in 17 (39.5%) and MAT in 14 (33.3%) children with AA. Thyroid ultrasound examination was suggestive of AT in 13 (34.2%) and typical of AT in five (13.2%) children.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> We diagnosed AT in 22 of 46 children with AA (47.8%). The immune studies revealed increased activated T lymphocytes. We recommend that thyroid gland size and function and antibody formation be examined at the diagnosis of AA and twice a year thereafter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2005.01971.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,22]],"date-time":"2006-08-22T09:25:21Z","timestamp":1156238721000},"page":"457-461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Thyroid autoimmunity in children and adolescents with alopecia areata"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Kurtev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emil","family":"Iliev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1994.tb02921.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1996.tb01610.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-74612-3_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"429","article-title":"Associazione di vitiligne, tiroidite di Hashimoto, alopecia areata et lupus eritematoso discoide","volume":"129","author":"Orecchia G","year":"1994","journal-title":"Giorn Ital Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","first-page":"238","article-title":"Alopecia areata","volume":"59","author":"Schwarz R","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.1997.tb02323.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/30.1.169","article-title":"Value of measuring free T3 and T4 in serum in detection of hypothyroidism","volume":"30","author":"Norman I","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(84)90095-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-41-4-722"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","unstructured":"GenkovaP BoyadzievaE AtanasovaI.Method for obtaining thyroglobulin antigen for application in the diagnosis of some autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland. 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