{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T03:55:20Z","timestamp":1793678120321,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,17]],"date-time":"2005-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1113696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lucio's phenomenon\/erythema necroticans is a peculiar reaction pattern that occurs in untreated pure primitive diffuse lepromatous leprosy (PPDL) and\/or relapsing leprosy recognized as spotted leprosy of Lucio. The small number of reported cases in the world literature suggests that it is fairly uncommon. Its clinical features are fairly characteristic and consist of extensive, bizarre, painful ulcerations of the skin, with constitutional symptoms being conspicuous by their absence. The clinical diagnosis is confirmed by microscopic pathology marked by proliferation and mobilization of polyblasts and histiocytes, dilatation, endothelial proliferation, luminal occlusion, and thrombosis of the superficial and mid\u2010dermal blood vessels and demonstration of acid\u2010fast bacilli in the blood vessel walls. Its precise pathogenesis is still unclear, but is believed to occur either through the usual or the alternate pathway of complement activation in the natural history of erythema nodosum leprosum. The clinical and immunological features of reactions in leprosy, including erythema nodosum leprosum, are well known and have been critically evaluated elsewhere.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2005.02567.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,28]],"date-time":"2005-06-28T17:27:13Z","timestamp":1119979633000},"page":"602-605","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Lucio's phenomenon\/erythema necroticans"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Virendra N.","family":"Sehgal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","first-page":"505","article-title":"Madrid Congress","volume":"21","author":"Anonymous.","year":"1953","journal-title":"Int J Lepr"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","first-page":"421","article-title":"The spotted leprosy of Lucio (la lepra \u201cmanchada\u201d deLuchio), an introduction to its clinical and histological study","volume":"16","author":"Latapi F","year":"1948","journal-title":"Int J Lepr"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","first-page":"967","volume-title":"Dermatology","author":"Moschella SL","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","first-page":"243","article-title":"Diffuse lepra","volume":"12","author":"Obermayer ME","year":"1949","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","first-page":"185","volume-title":"Leprosy","author":"Ramu G","year":"1959"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00763.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","first-page":"267","article-title":"Lucio leprosy with Lucio phenomenon","volume":"73","author":"Saoji V","year":"2001","journal-title":"Indian J Lepr"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","first-page":"53","volume-title":"Opusculo Sobre el Mal de San Lazaro O, Elefan ciasis de los Griegos.","author":"Lucio R","year":"1852"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","first-page":"27","article-title":"Clinical study of lepromatous leprosy in Costa Rica","volume":"17","author":"Romero A","year":"1949","journal-title":"Int J Lepr"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","first-page":"57","article-title":"The Lucio phenomenon","volume":"23","author":"Compa FV","year":"1981","journal-title":"Leprologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","first-page":"225","article-title":"Diffuse lepra","volume":"1","author":"Obermayer ME","year":"1947","journal-title":"Ann West Med Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1960.03730020046009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","first-page":"23","article-title":"Lucio's spotted leprosy (diffuse lepromatous leprosy of Mexico): report of a case in Hawaii","volume":"19","author":"Arnold HL","year":"1951","journal-title":"Int J Lepr"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1950.01530110129010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","first-page":"110","article-title":"The Lucio\u2010Alvarado form of leprosy \u2013 a case observed in Brazil","volume":"27","author":"Furtado TA","year":"1959","journal-title":"Int J Lepr"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","first-page":"535","article-title":"Diffuse lepromatosis with erythema necroticans","volume":"87","author":"Fasal P","year":"1962","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","first-page":"687","article-title":"Lucio phenomenon in South African patients; abstract of Congress papers","volume":"52","author":"Schultz EJ","year":"1984","journal-title":"Int J Lepr"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","first-page":"12","article-title":"Two cases of Lucio phenomenon in Paraguay","volume":"42","author":"Innami S","year":"1973","journal-title":"Repura"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","first-page":"47","article-title":"Virchowian Hansen's disease, Lucio's phenomenon, cryptococcosis","volume":"13","author":"Anonymous.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hansenol Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","first-page":"115","article-title":"Lucio\u2010Latapi leprosy and the Lucio phenomenon","volume":"1","author":"Saul A","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Leprol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","first-page":"331","article-title":"Lepromatous leprosy with extensive ulcerations and cachexia. 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