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Topical all\u2010<jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>retinoic acid (RA), the only agent that has been approved for the treatment of photoaging, has been shown to reverse this process. In this study, we evaluated the pharmacologic effects of novel synthetic retinoids, ER36009 and ER35794, on murine wrinkles induced by UVB. ER36009 is a specific agonist of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)\u03b3, the most abundant RAR subtype in the skin, while ER35794 is a potent retinoid X receptor (RXR)\u2010selective agonist.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Method\u2002<\/jats:bold>After a 10\u2010week exposure to escalating doses of UVB irradiation, the animals were treated three times per week with ER36009 (0.0001%, 0.00025%, 0.0005%), ER35794 (0.025%, 0.05%, 0.1%), RA (0.05%) or acetone (control) for 3\u00a0weeks.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold>ER36009 exerted a dose\u2010dependent wrinkle\u2010effacing effect, and 0.0005% ER36009\u2010treated skin was significantly different from the control. ER36009 also significantly and dose\u2010dependently increased both epidermal thickness and the area of the dermal repair zone defined by newly synthesized collagen. The effect of 0.0005% ER36009 on photodamaged skin was superior to that of 0.05% RA. In contrast, ER35794 was inactive in this model, though this compound exhibited lower local toxicity than other retinoids.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold>These data indicate that RAR\u03b3, but not RXR, plays an important role in the improvement of the signs of photoaging, and so a specific RAR\u03b3 agonist might be superior to an RAR pan\u2010agonist for clinical treatment. We conclude that ER36009 is a candidate for a potent anti\u2010skin\u2010aging agent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2006.02913.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,31]],"date-time":"2006-10-31T12:42:05Z","timestamp":1162298525000},"page":"1288-1295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Marked improvement induced in photoaged skin of hairless mouse by ER36009, a novel RAR\u03b3\u2010specific retinoid, but not by ER35794, an RXR\u2010selective agonist"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Sakuta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiji","family":"Kanayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-198734040-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(90)90034-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Retinoids in Dermatology. 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