{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:17:38Z","timestamp":1787163458493,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"s2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,22]],"date-time":"2007-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1193011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n As the search for reliable clinical indicators for management of human immunodeficiency virus\/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV\/AIDS) in resource\u2010poor settings continues, mucocutaneous disorders of HIV should be considered among key clinical indicators for prediction of underlying immune status, disease progression, and possible complications of highly active antiretroviral therapy in Africa.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n To identify and correlate mucocutaneous disorders to CD4\u2010positive cell count and total lymphocyte count in HIV\/AIDS patients of southeast Nigeria.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Methodology\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n Data were collected through interview\u2010administered survey followed by clinical and dermatological examination of recruited patients and controls.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Result\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n Mean CD4 cell count of HIV\/AIDS patients was 303.81 cells\/mm\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n and was significantly lower to the control group \u2013 807.3 cells\/mm\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n (z\u00a0=\u00a010.089 and\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.005). In comparison with the CD4 cell count of asymptomatic HIV\u2010positive patients (mean 433.6 cells\/mm\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n ), CD4 cell count of HIV\u2010positive patients with various mucocutaneous manifestations (mean 293.63 cells\/mm\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n ) was statistically correlated with low counts (z\u00a0=\u00a04.0731 and\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.05). Papulopruritic itch accounted for 32.2% (73\/227) among patients with CD4+ cell counts of 51\u2013200 cells\/mm\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n , while seborrheic dermatitis occurred most significantly with CD4 cell counts of 201\u2013500 cells\/mm\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n (43.1% vs. 12%\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.01) relative to those with lower CD4+ counts (51\u2013200 cells\/mm\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n ). Mucocutaneous lesion counts of >100 cells\/mm\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n were readily observed in advanced stage.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n Cryptococcus skin lesions occurred at low CD4+ counts of\u00a0\u2264\u00a050 cells\/mm\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n ; Kaposi sarcoma at CD4+ counts of\u00a0\u2264\u00a0200 cells\/mm\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n , while seborrheic dermatitis occurred at CD4+\u00a0counts of >200 cells\/mm\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n and as an early skin manifestation within our environment. Campaign for the skin as an important clinical organ for assessment, prediction of immune status, and management of HIV\/AIDS, particularly for hard\u2010to\u2010reach and resource\u2010limited health facilities, has to be undertaken.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2007.03349.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,24]],"date-time":"2007-10-24T00:26:36Z","timestamp":1193185596000},"page":"14-18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Correlation of mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV\/AIDS infection with CD4 counts and disease progression"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Edith N.","family":"Nnoruka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith C.","family":"Chukwuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Anisuiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1999.00644.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2000.00945.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02310.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)91166-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","volume-title":"Scaling Up Antiretroviral Therapy in Resource Limited Settings: Guide Line for a Public Health Approach","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.4103\/1117-1936.172012","article-title":"CD4 T\u2010lymphocyte counts in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV\u20101) and healthy populations in Jos, Nigeria","volume":"10","author":"Njoku MO","year":"2003","journal-title":"Niger Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/422722"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","first-page":"62","volume-title":"Managing HIV","author":"Wong D","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","volume-title":"Interim WHO Clinical Staging of HIV\/AIDS and HIV\/AIDS Case Definitions for Surveillance: African Region","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200304110-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200306130-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02067.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02485.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(99)70082-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(92)70226-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2004.01344.x"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-4632.2007.03349.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2007.03349.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T04:52:01Z","timestamp":1695790321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2007.03349.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,22]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"s2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2007.03349.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2007.03349.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-9059","1365-4632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-9059","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-4632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2007-10-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}