{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T20:39:34Z","timestamp":1765485574143},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,19]],"date-time":"2011-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1313712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many cutaneous conditions can mimic infection. If these lesions are not accurately recognized, they may be treated with antimicrobial agents, which adds cost, potential risk, and inconvenience to the patient and the healthcare system. The presenting signs and symptoms of many ulcerating, pustular, morbilliform, bullous, neoplastic, granulomatous, autoimmune, and neutrophilic conditions, as well as clinical vasculitis, cellulitis, folliculitis, and panniculitis, have been mistaken for infection. This review emphasizes the clinical presentation, physical exam, and diagnostic workup of many of these conditions to assist the clinician in ascertaining the correct diagnosis. In addition, general treatment options are provided for each disease category.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.04887.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,23]],"date-time":"2011-08-23T15:38:21Z","timestamp":1314113901000},"page":"1043-1057","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cutaneous simulants of infectious disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Janelle R.","family":"Ricketts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marti J.","family":"Rothe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane M.","family":"Grant\u2010Kels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013383"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-200001000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(96)90428-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200203030-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02128.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07581.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.074815"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.10.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20748"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"66","article-title":"Adalimumab therapy for recalcitrant pyoderma gangrenosum","volume":"5","author":"Fonder MA","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Burns Wounds"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.08212.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.143.3.306"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06467.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.05.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0560.2001.028003113.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.08156.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.01860.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","first-page":"291","article-title":"Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis \u2013 an enigmatic drug\u2010induced reaction","volume":"83","author":"Momin SB","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(99)00121-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1085-5629(03)00085-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1159\/000018185","article-title":"Subcorneal pustular dermatosis (Sneddon Wilkinson disease) in a patient with multiple sclerosis","volume":"199","author":"K\u00f6hler LD","year":"1990","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.137.12.1571"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200809010-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.5070\/D31VN304VN","article-title":"Sneddon\u2010Wilkinson disease resistant to dapsone and colchicine and successfully controlled with PUVA","volume":"9","author":"Khachemoune A","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203309103053"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2008.02905.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2008.02706.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008480-199708000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","first-page":"17","volume-title":"Hurwitz Clinical Pediatric Dermatology: A Textbook of Skin Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence","author":"Paller AS","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00015550152384326"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-4543(05)70200-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sder.2007.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000112926"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sder.2007.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700648"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2008.02585.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330802"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780370206"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330812"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2008.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2006.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sder.2006.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200809020-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2003.01705.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07729.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-006-1985-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2001.11773.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(98)70588-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07490.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1986.00360140113016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00262-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2001.11776.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2009.03270.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-1626-1-356"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.02.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.141.10.1227"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-0960.2003.00681.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.06240.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200405030-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.114736"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.05991.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2003.05530.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1993.tb01000.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.114736"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2008.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(94)70155-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(89)70328-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-142-1-200501040-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2007.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.04.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200304030-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0b013e3181848bb1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.08.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.109303"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199701000-00025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0738-081X(93)90110-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2004.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200105000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2007.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.114596"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2007.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_86_2","first-page":"1421","volume-title":"Dermatology","author":"Bolognia JL","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200868100-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2005.01792.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.2009.00543.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8635(05)70032-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.10.452"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24423"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-004-0045-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.08116.x"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-4632.2011.04887.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.04887.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,15]],"date-time":"2023-10-15T07:48:03Z","timestamp":1697356083000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.04887.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,19]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.04887.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.04887.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-9059","1365-4632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-9059","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-4632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-08-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}