{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T08:11:27Z","timestamp":1697443887182},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,17]],"date-time":"2012-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1326758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background\u2002<\/jats:bold> Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease produced by <jats:italic>Mycobacterium leprae<\/jats:italic>. In 1997 Venezuela reached the goal of elimination of leprosy as a public health problem (according to the World Health Organization a prevalence rate of \u22641\/10,000 inhabitants), but five states still had prevalence rates over that goal. For this study we selected Cojedes State, where prevalence rates remain over the elimination goal.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold> Evaluate the real leprosy situation in high\u2010prevalence areas of Cojedes State.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Materials and methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> Seven communities of Cojedes State were selected because they had the highest historic prevalence, as well as the highest prevalence in the year to be studied (1997).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> A rank correlation using Spearman\u2019s test comparing historical prevalence rates (1946\u20131996) and detection rates (1998\u20132004) gave a statistically significant <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05 value. Diagnosed leprosy cases were as follows: age: 3.2% under 15\u2003years old; sex: male\/female rates between 60% and 91.66% males. The highest number of cases were paucibacillary forms: indeterminate leprosy (33.07%) and borderline tuberculoid leprosy (32.28%); tuberculoid leprosy (7.00%); and multibacillary cases (lepromatous leprosy, LL) were only 2.36%. Bacteriologically, 18.52 patients were <jats:italic>M.\u00a0leprae<\/jats:italic> positive. At the moment of diagnosis, 96.6% showed no disabilities, 3.4% showed grade I disabilities, and there were no grade II or III disabilities.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> This study confirms that several communities in Cojedes State have extremely high leprosy rates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05080.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,17]],"date-time":"2012-01-17T11:27:14Z","timestamp":1326799634000},"page":"186-194","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cojedes: a leprosy hyperendemic state"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Nacarid","family":"Aranzazu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan J.","family":"Parra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maritza","family":"Cardenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Rada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Zerpa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramon","family":"Sosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Forquis","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacinto","family":"Convit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","first-page":"187","article-title":"Leprosy and leishmaniasis similar clinical\u2010immunological\u2010pathological models","volume":"12","author":"Convit J","year":"1974","journal-title":"Ethiop Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","first-page":"535","article-title":"The search for animal model of leprosy","volume":"55","author":"Johnstone PA","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int J Lepr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","first-page":"269","article-title":"\u201cEnfermedad de Hansen\u201d","author":"Aranzazu N","year":"2001","journal-title":"Temas Dermatol\u00f3gicos: Pautas Diagn\u00f3sticas y Terap\u00e9uticas"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"\u201cHansen\u00edase no Brasil\u201d","volume":"36","author":"Grossi M","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","first-page":"105","article-title":"Case\u2010detection trends in leprosy and factor influencing them","volume":"78","author":"Noordeen SK","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J Lepr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02326"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-008-0474-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","first-page":"480","article-title":"Workshops 14th International Leprosy Congress","volume":"65","year":"1993","journal-title":"Indian J Lepr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","volume-title":"\u201cHistoria de la Lepra\u201d","author":"Alegr\u00eda C","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","first-page":"145","article-title":"Control de la lepra en Venezuela despu\u00e9s de m\u00e1s de 5 d\u00e9cadas de desarrollo","volume":"21","author":"Convit J","year":"1999","journal-title":"Revista Leprolog\u00eda"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","unstructured":"OMS \u201cManual para el Controle da Lepra\u201d Segunda Edici\u00f3n. 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