{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T16:26:51Z","timestamp":1789576011931,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,14]],"date-time":"2012-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1331683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Introduction\u2002<\/jats:bold> Lichenoid drug eruption (LDE) shares similar features with lichen planus (LP), that could reflect the same pathogenesis. In LP, an autoimmune attack is accepted and cytotoxic T\u2010lymphocytes (CD8+) predominate, especially in late lesions. Apoptosis of keratinocytes may be mediated by CD8+ T and NK cells in two distinct ways: by the release of cytotoxic molecules such as perforin and granzyme B or by the Fas\/FasL system. The immunological mechanisms involved in LDE are not yet fully established.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives\u2002<\/jats:bold> Investigate immunohistological features in LP and LDE to add clues to better understand their pathogenesis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Material and methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> Twenty\u2010two patients fulfilled all clinical, laboratory, histopathological, and follow\u2010up features of lichen planus (<jats:italic>n\u2003<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>16) and lichenoid drug eruption (<jats:italic>n\u2003<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>6). Classic histological features favoring LP or LDE were evaluated by two observers. HAM56, MAC387, UCHL\u20101, OPD4, CD8, Granzyme B, Perforin, and ICAM\u20101 antibodies were used to decorate the immune infiltrate. Results were analyzed through Pearson correlation, Student\u2019s <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test, and linear discriminant analysis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> A higher number of necrotic keratinocytes as well as plasma cells and eosinophils within inflammatory cells were associated with LDE diagnosis. Only in LDE, a correlation was found between the number of T and CD8+ cells and between the number of granzyme B+ cells and apoptotic keratinocytes.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> Our findings suggest a more important role of CD8+ granzyme B\u2010containing cells in LDE group, being its synthesis associated with more intense apoptosis. So, LP and LDE may have a somewhat distinct pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05113.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,14]],"date-time":"2012-03-14T18:44:53Z","timestamp":1331750693000},"page":"1199-1205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Lichen planus and lichenoid drug\u2010induced eruption: a histological and immunohistochemical study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Denise","family":"Lage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscila Bianchini","family":"Juliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konradin","family":"Metze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elemir Macedo de","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Let\u00edcia","family":"Cintra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1988.tb02376.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2009.04062.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00200535"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-004-0512-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(00)00142-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0904-2512.2001.10063.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06538.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000131456"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.06086.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2006.00527.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2007.00892.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(95)80121-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","first-page":"217","volume-title":"Pathology of the Skin with Clinical Correlations","author":"Mckee PH","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","first-page":"634","volume-title":"Pathology of the Skin with Clinical Correlations","author":"Mckee PH","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2005.tb00884.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","first-page":"278","article-title":"Drug eruptions: approaching the diagnosis of drug\u2010induced skin diseases","volume":"2","author":"Nigen S","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000075054"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(90)70275-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000248091"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","volume-title":"Histologic Diagnosis of Inflammatory Skin Diseases","author":"Ackerman AB","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Dermatology","author":"Shiohara T","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M302644200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","first-page":"769","article-title":"Phenotypic diversity in delayed drug hypersensitivity: an immunologic explanation","volume":"73","author":"Meth MJ","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mt Sinai J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri819"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1083"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri911"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80427-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200210158"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","first-page":"079","article-title":"New paradigm for lymphocyte granule\u2010mediated cytotoxicity. 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