{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T03:17:37Z","timestamp":1771643857472,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,11]],"date-time":"2014-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1405036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Gonadal involvement in males in lepromatous leprosy is not uncommon, but there is a paucity of literature on the involvement of gonads in female patients with leprosy. This study was undertaken to determine if there is any menstrual dysfunction, alteration in fertility status and circulating luteinizing hormone (LH<\/jats:styled-content>), follicle\u2010stimulating hormone (FSH<\/jats:styled-content>), prolactin, and estradiol in female patients with paucibacillary (PB<\/jats:styled-content>) and multibacillary (MB<\/jats:styled-content>) leprosy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>In a cross\u2010sectional study, 229 patients with leprosy (79 with PB<\/jats:styled-content> leprosy and 150 with MB<\/jats:styled-content> leprosy) and 100 age\u2010matched non\u2010leprosy controls were evaluated for menstrual function, fertility status, and circulating sex hormones.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Twenty percent of patients with MB<\/jats:styled-content> leprosy had menstrual irregularities post\u2010dating the onset of leprosy in comparison to 6.3% patients with PB<\/jats:styled-content> leprosy, and this difference was statistically significant (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001). However, the fertility profile of patients with PB<\/jats:styled-content> leprosy was comparable to that of patients with MB<\/jats:styled-content> leprosy (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05). A significantly higher number of patients with MB<\/jats:styled-content> leprosy (9.3%) had elevation of circulating FSH<\/jats:styled-content>, LH<\/jats:styled-content>, and prolactin vis\u2010\u00e0\u2010vis<\/jats:italic> patients with PB<\/jats:styled-content> leprosy (1.3%), and this difference was statistically significant (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05). Similarly, the mean levels of LH<\/jats:styled-content>, FSH,<\/jats:styled-content> and prolactin were significantly elevated in patients with MB<\/jats:styled-content> leprosy vis\u2010\u00e0\u2010vis<\/jats:italic> patients with PB<\/jats:styled-content> leprosy and controls (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Multibacillary leprosy may be associated with menstrual irregularities and elevation of gonadotropin hormones, indicating an ovarian dysfunction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2012.05771.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,11]],"date-time":"2014-07-11T08:18:38Z","timestamp":1405066718000},"page":"1114-1118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Menstrual irregularities, fertility status, and ovarian function in female patients with leprosy in I<\/scp>ndia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Neena","family":"Khanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manjula","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Council of Medical Research New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seemab","family":"Rasool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ariachery","family":"Ammini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neerja","family":"Bhatla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vijay","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Jai Prakash Group of Hospitals New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunder","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Leprosy Mission Trust India New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sambit Nath","family":"Bhattacharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"94","article-title":"Visceral lesions in lepromatous leprosy. 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