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In this study, 32 treatment\u2010seeking, nicotine\u2010dependent smokers viewed blocks of smoking and neutral cues alternating with rest periods during magnetic resonance imaging scanning in a 3T Siemens scanner (Siemens AG, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany). While viewing cues or control images, participants were instructed either to \u2018allow yourself to crave\u2019 or \u2018resist craving.\u2019 Data were analyzed with FSL 4.1.5, focused on the smoking cues versus neutral cues contrast, using cluster thresholding (<jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2003&gt;\u20032.3 and corrected cluster threshold of <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.05) at the individual and group levels. During the Crave condition, activation was seen on the left anterior cingulated cortex (LACC), medial prefrontal cortex, left middle cingulate gyrus, bilateral posterior cingulated gyrus and bilateral precuneus, areas associated with attention, decision\u2010making and episodic memory. The LACC and areas of the prefrontal cortex associated with higher executive functioning were activated during the Resist condition. No clear distinctions between group crave and resist analyses as a whole were seen without taking into account specific strategies used to resist the urge to smoke, supporting the idea that craving is associated with some degree of resisting the urge to smoke, and trying to resist is almost always accompanied by some degree of craving. Different strategies for resisting, such as distraction, activated different regions. Understanding the underlying neurobiology of resisting craving to smoke may identify new foci for treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2011.00340.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,26]],"date-time":"2011-07-26T14:20:51Z","timestamp":1311690051000},"page":"654-666","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":116,"title":["Neural correlates of craving and resisting craving for tobacco in nicotine dependent smokers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Karen J.","family":"Hartwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin A.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingbao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugh","family":"Myrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd","family":"LeMatty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark S.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen T.","family":"Brady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03476.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.11.1576"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.782"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2005.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.59.12.1162"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2007.2095"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.1999.9433273.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"1227","article-title":"Cigarette smoking among adults and trends in smoking cessation\u2014United States, 2008","volume":"58","author":"CDC","year":"2009","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200020032051"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhi127"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2007.19.6.935"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.04.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl244"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.6.954"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(78)90024-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2008.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130000404"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","unstructured":"GilbertD RabinovitchN(1998)International smoking image series with neutral counterparts 1.2 ed. 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