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In addition, the 5HT3 antagonist ondansetron is effective in treating early\u2010onset, but not late\u2010onset, alcohol\u2010dependent subjects. To explore the role of 5HT3 receptor systems in cocaine addiction using functioning imaging, we administered ondansetron to 23 abstinent, treatment\u2010seeking cocaine\u2010addicted and 22 sex\u2010, age\u2010 and race\u2010matched healthy control participants. Differences between early\u2010 (first use before 20 years, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200310) and late\u2010onset (first use after 20 years, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200310) cocaine\u2010addicted subjects were also assessed. On two separate days, subjects were administered ondansetron (0.15\u2003mg\/kg intravenously over 15 minutes) or saline. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured following each infusion with single photon emission computed tomography. No significant rCBF differences between the cocaine\u2010addicted and control participants were observed following ondansetron relative to saline. Early\u2010onset subjects, however, showed increased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001) right posterior parahippocampal rCBF following ondansetron. In contrast, late\u2010onset subjects showed decreased rCBF following ondansetron in an overlapping region of the right parahippocampal\/hippocampal gyrus. Early\u2010onset subjects also displayed increased rCBF in the left anterior insula and subthalamic nucleus following ondansetron; late\u2010onset subjects showed decreased rCBF in the right anterior insula. These findings suggest that the age of drug use onset is associated with serotonergic biosignatures in cocaine\u2010addicted subjects. Further clarification of these alterations may guide targeted treatment with serotonergic medications similar to those successfully used in alcohol\u2010dependent patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2012.00450.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,31]],"date-time":"2012-03-31T06:48:04Z","timestamp":1333176484000},"page":"250-261","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Differences in regional cerebral blood flow response to a 5HT3 antagonist in early\u2010 and late\u2010onset cocaine\u2010dependent subjects"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Bryon","family":"Adinoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Devous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark J.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas S.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan E.","family":"Best","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongyun","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanya","family":"Zielinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2010.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Ait\u2010DaoudN(2008)New medication treatment for stimulant dependence. 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