{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T13:14:17Z","timestamp":1791033257106,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,14]],"date-time":"2004-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1084492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The major allergens in fish are parvalbumins. Important immunoglobulin (Ig)E cross\u2010recognition of parvalbumins from different fish species has been shown. Recently frog parvalbumin <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> has been found to be responsible for a case of IgE\u2010mediated anaphylaxis triggered by the ingestion of frog meat. The aim of this study was to investigate whether IgE antibodies of fish allergic persons cross\u2010react with frog parvalbumin and to appreciate its clinical relevance.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The sera of 15 fish allergic patients and one fish and frog allergic patient were tested by IgE\u2010immunoblotting against frog muscle extract. Sera were tested against recombinant parvalbumin <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> from <jats:italic>Rana esculenta<\/jats:italic>. Skin prick tests were performed in selected patients with recombinant frog parvalbumin. Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> depletion experiments and inhibition studies with purified cod and frog recombinant parvalbumin were done to characterize the cross\u2010reactive pattern.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Fourteen of the sera tested had IgE antibodies recognizing low molecular weight components in frog muscle extract. Calcium depletion experiments or inhibition of patient sera with purified cod parvalbumin led to a significant or complete decrease in IgE binding. When tested against recombinant parvalbumins, three of 13 sera reacted with <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> parvalbumin and 11 of 12 reacted with <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> parvalbumin from <jats:italic>R. esculenta<\/jats:italic>. Skin prick tests performed with recombinant frog parvalbumin were positive in fish allergic patients. Inhibition studies showed that a fish and frog allergic patient was primarily sensitized to fish parvalbumin.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Cod parvalbumin, a major cross\u2010reactive allergen among different fish species, shares IgE binding epitopes with frog parvalbumin. This <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> cross\u2010reactivity seems to be also clinically relevant. Parvalbumins probably represent a new family of cross\u2010reactive allergens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2004.00436.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,14]],"date-time":"2004-05-14T15:15:25Z","timestamp":1084547725000},"page":"653-660","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["IgE antibodies of fish allergic patients cross\u2010react with frog parvalbumin"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Hilger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Thill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Grigioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Lehners","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Falagiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ferrara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Hentges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_22_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.116427"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2001.00196.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1974.tb01303.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-314.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.57.s72.21.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.9.4576"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.57.s72.1.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-5890(02)00200-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)44043-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01732745"},{"key":"e_1_2_22_12_2","first-page":"283","article-title":"Characterization of a major allergen (cod). 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