{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T14:45:56Z","timestamp":1790520356135,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,31]],"date-time":"2008-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1206921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:italic>Para<\/jats:italic>\u2010phenylenediamine (PPD) and related chemicals are common contact sensitizers, frequently causing allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). The cytokine tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha (TNF\u2010\u03b1) plays a key role in contact sensitization.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> In this case\u2013control study, we evaluated the distribution of variations in the regulatory region of the gene for TNF\u2010\u03b1 (<jats:italic>TNFA\u2010308\u2003G\/A<\/jats:italic>) in 181 Caucasian individuals with a history of ACD and sensitization to PPD and 161 individuals with no history of sensitization to PPD.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The frequency of <jats:italic>GA<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>AA TNFA<\/jats:italic> genotypes was significantly higher in individuals sensitized to PPD than in age\u2010 and gender\u2010matched controls giving an odds ratio (OR) of 2.16 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.35\u20133.47; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.0016). This relation was even more pronounced when restricting cases to females over 45\u2003years (OR\u2003=\u20033.71; 95% CI: 1.65\u20138.31; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.0017) <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> younger females (less than or equal to 45\u2003years; OR\u2003=\u20032.41; 95% CI: 1.03\u20135.65; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.044) or males (OR\u2003=\u20031.05; 95% CI: 0.449\u20132.47; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20031.0). In addition, a logistic regression model revealed a significant effect for <jats:italic>TNFA\u2010308 AA<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>AG vs GG<\/jats:italic> genotype (point estimate\u2003=\u20032.152; 95% Wald CI: 1.332\u20133.477).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> These findings suggest a possible role for the <jats:italic>TNFA\u2010308<\/jats:italic> genetic polymorphism as a susceptibility factor for chemically induced ACD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2008.01704.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,31]],"date-time":"2008-03-31T09:38:00Z","timestamp":1206956280000},"page":"279-283","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Association between <i>TNFA\u2010308\u2003G\/A<\/i> polymorphism and sensitization to <i>para\u2010<\/i>phenylenediamine: a case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"B.","family":"Bl\u00f6meke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Brans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Dickel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Bruckner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Erdmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Heesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. 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