{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T15:34:59Z","timestamp":1777649699533,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,29]],"date-time":"2008-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1217289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Poor response of nasal polyps to glucocorticoids (GCs) may be because of abnormal expression of GC receptors (GR) \u03b1 and \u03b2 or to downregulation of GR\u03b1. We aimed to evaluate the <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> regulation of GR isoforms in GC\u2010treated nasal polyps and to assess the relationship between clinical response to GCs and GR levels.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Patients with nasal polyps were randomly (3:1) treated (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200351) or not (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200314) with oral prednisone and intranasal budesonide for 2\u2003weeks, plus intranasal budesonide for 10 additional weeks. Nasal symptoms were evaluated. Biopsies were obtained before (w0) and after 2 (w2) and 12 (w12) weeks of treatment, and analysed for their inflammatory content and GR mRNA (10<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> cDNA copies\/\u03bcg total RNA) and protein (% immunoreactive inflammatory cells) expression. Healthy nasal mucosa (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200311) was also investigated. Data are presented as median and 25\u201375th percentile.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> At w0, nasal polyps expressed less GR\u03b1 mRNA (1343;683\u20132263; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05) and GR protein (41;29\u201354; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05) than nasal mucosa (2474;1346\u20132933; 60;51\u201372, respectively). GR\u03b2 immunoreactivity was higher in nasal polyps (11;4\u201319; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05) than in nasal mucosa (5;2\u20135). At w2, increased GR\u03b1 mRNA (2010;1037\u20132732; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.01) and GR protein (56;27\u201371; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.056) were found compared with w0 (1177;759\u20132058; 37;29\u201355, respectively). At w12, GR\u03b1 mRNA and GR protein were similar to w0. GR\u03b2 expression was unaltered by treatment. Neither GR\u03b1 nor GR\u03b2 correlated with nasal symptoms. GR immunoreactivity negatively correlated with eosinophils (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003\u22120.478; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> GR\u03b1 is downregulated in nasal polyps and upregulated by GC treatment. Neither GR\u03b1 nor GR\u03b2 appear to determine the sensitivity to GCs in nasal polyposis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2008.01745.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,29]],"date-time":"2008-07-29T08:33:38Z","timestamp":1217320418000},"page":"1377-1386","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Regulation of glucocorticoid receptor in nasal polyps by systemic and intranasal glucocorticoids"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Pujols","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Alobid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Ben\u00edtez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Mart\u00ednez\u2010Ant\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Roca\u2010Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. 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