{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T10:34:48Z","timestamp":1791110088062,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,24]],"date-time":"2009-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Epithelial damage and modifications of cell differentiation are frequent in airway diseases with chronic inflammation, in which transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b21 (TGF\u2010\u03b21) plays an important role. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differentiation of human nasal epithelial cells (HNEC) after wound healing and the potential effects of TGF\u2010\u03b21.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Basal, mucus, and ciliated cells were characterized by cytokeratin\u201014, MUC5AC, and \u03b2IV tubulin immunodetection, respectively. Their expression was evaluated <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> in nasal polyps and in an <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> model of wound healing in primary cultures of HNEC after wound closure, under basal conditions and after TGF\u2010\u03b21 supplementation. Using RT\u2010PCR, the effects of TGF\u2010\u03b21 on <jats:italic>MUC5AC<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>DNAI1<\/jats:italic> genes, specifically transcribed in mucus and ciliated cells, were evaluated.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:italic>In situ<\/jats:italic>, high TGF\u2010\u03b21 expression was associated with low MUC5AC and \u03b2IV tubulin expression. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>, under basal conditions, MUC5AC expression remained stable, cytokeratin\u201014 expression was strong and decreased with time, while \u03b2IV tubulin expression increased. Transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b21 supplementation downregulated MUC5AC and \u03b2IV tubulin expression as well as <jats:italic>MUC5AC<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>DNAI1<\/jats:italic> transcripts.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> After a wound, differentiation into mucus and ciliated cells was possible and partially inhibited <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> by TGF\u2010\u03b21, a cytokine that may be involved in epithelial remodeling observed in chronic airway diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2009.02003.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,25]],"date-time":"2009-02-25T03:42:22Z","timestamp":1235533342000},"page":"1136-1143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Muco\u2010ciliary differentiation of nasal epithelial cells is decreased after wound healing <i>in vitro<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"D. 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