{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T22:34:06Z","timestamp":1791153246593,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,11]],"date-time":"2012-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1334102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Carbohydrate\u2010specific <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>g<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content> antibodies present on nonprimate mammalian proteins were incriminated recently in delayed meat anaphylaxis. The aim of this study was to explore whether anaphylaxis to mammalian kidney is also associated with galactose\u2010\u03b1\u20101,3\u2010galactose (\u03b1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>al)\u2010specific <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>g<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fourteen patients with anaphylaxis to pork or beef kidney underwent prick tests to meat and kidney. Some patients also underwent skin tests to Erbitux<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> (cetuximab). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>g<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content> antibodies to \u03b1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>al, swine urine proteins, beef and pork meat, serum albumin proteins, cat, and r<jats:italic>Fel d<\/jats:italic> 1 were measured by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>mmuno<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAP<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>. The \u03b1Gal levels were estimated in meats and kidney by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content> inhibition assay. Cross\u2010reactivity between \u03b1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>al and pork kidney was studied with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>mmuno<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAP<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> inhibition assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the 14 patients, 12 presented with anaphylactic shock. Reactions occurred within 2\u00a0h from exposure in 67% of patients. Associated risk factors were observed in 10 cases, and alcohol was the main cofactor. Three patients underwent an oral challenge to pork kidney, and anaphylaxis occurred after ingestion of small quantities (1\u20132\u00a0g). Prick tests to kidney were positive in 54% of patients. All tested patients showed positive skin tests to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>rbitux<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>. All patients tested positive for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>g<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content> to \u03b1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>al, with levels ranging from 0.4 to 294\u00a0kU\/l. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>g<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content> binding to \u03b1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>al was inhibited by raw pork kidney extract (mean, 77%; range, 55\u201387%), which showed a high amount of \u03b1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>al determinants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pork or beef kidney anaphylaxis is related to \u03b1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>al <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>g<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>. Its peculiar severity could be due to an elevated content of \u03b1<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>al epitopes in kidney.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2012.02799.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,11]],"date-time":"2012-04-11T18:15:30Z","timestamp":1334168130000},"page":"699-704","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":150,"title":["Anaphylaxis to pork kidney is related to <scp>I<\/scp>g<scp>E<\/scp> antibodies specific for galactose\u2010alpha\u20101,3\u2010galactose"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Morisset","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy University Hospital Nancy France"},{"name":"Allergy and Immunology Hospital Center of Luxembourg Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Richard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genclis SAS Vandoeuvre\u2010les\u2010Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Astier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INPL\u2010ENSAIA Nancy University Vand\u0153uvre\u2010l\u00e8s\u2010Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Jacquenet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genclis SAS Vandoeuvre\u2010les\u2010Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Croizier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy University Hospital Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Beaudouin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy J. 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