{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:48:14Z","timestamp":1772160494077,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,5]],"date-time":"2012-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Free light chain (\n FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) concentrations are demonstrated to be increased in different inflammatory disorders and are proposed to mediate mast cell\u2013dependent immune responses. A role for mast cells is suggested in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (\n CRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n w\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), which is characterized by a local Th2 inflammatory response. However, clear mast cell\u2013activating factors are not always apparent. In this study, the presence of\n FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n s in\n CRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients with or without nasal polyps (\n CRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n w\/\n sNP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) was investigated and the effect of different treatments on\n FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n expression was analyzed.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Nasal tissue, nasal secretion, and serum of control patients, patients with\n CRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n w\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and\n CRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n s\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n were analyzed for the presence of kappa and lambda\n FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n . The expression of\n FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n s in nasal polyp tissue was investigated using immunohistochemistry. In addition,\n FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n was measured in serum and nasal secretion of nasal polyp patients treated with methylprednisolone, doxycycline, anti\u2010\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20105, or placebo.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Free light chain concentrations were increased in nasal secretion and mucosal tissue homogenates in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, and this effect was most prominent in\n CRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n w\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the increased\n FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n concentrations in nasal polyp tissue. In\n CRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n w\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients, treatment with methylprednisolone or anti\u2010\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20105 resulted in the reduction in systemic or local\n FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n concentrations, respectively.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n The presence of\n FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n in\n CRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n w\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n CRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n s\n NP<\/jats:styled-content>\n suggests a possible role in mediating the local immune reaction in the paranasal cavities. Furthermore, the decrease in local\n FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n s after treatment with anti\u2010\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20105 presumes that\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20105 creates an environment that favors\n FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\n production.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2012.02866.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,5]],"date-time":"2012-07-05T11:58:35Z","timestamp":1341489515000},"page":"1165-1172","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Local free light chain expression is increased in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Groot Kormelink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology Faculty of Science Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Calus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Upper Airways Research Laboratory Ghent University Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"De Ruyck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Upper Airways Research Laboratory Ghent University Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Holtappels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Upper Airways Research Laboratory Ghent University Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Bachert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Upper Airways Research Laboratory Ghent University Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F. A.","family":"Redegeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology Faculty of Science Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Gevaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Upper Airways Research Laboratory Ghent University Ghent 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