{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T15:42:03Z","timestamp":1788190923219,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,6]],"date-time":"2011-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1307318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p><jats:bold>To cite this article:<\/jats:bold> Baris S, Ozen A, Ercan H, Karakoc\u2010Aydiner E, Cagan H, Ozdemir C, Barlan M, Bahceciler NN, Barlan IB. Osteoporosis: An ignored complication of CVID. <jats:italic>Pediatric Allergy Immunology<\/jats:italic> 2011; <jats:bold>22<\/jats:bold>: 676\u2013683.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Multiple factors in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) might interfere with optimal growth and maturation and potentially compromise bone health.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> We aimed to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) of patients with CVID using dual energy X\u2010ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and investigate risk factors associated with decreased bone density.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Twenty\u2010two patients were included (M: 16, F: 6) with a mean age of 15.6\u2003\u00b1\u20039.0\u2003yr. DEXA revealed osteopenia in 6\/22 (27.3%) and osteoporosis in 9\/22 (40.9%) at lumbar spine and osteopenia in 7\/19 (37%) and osteoporosis in 3\/19 (16%) at femoral neck sites. The age of subjects with osteoporosis was significantly higher than those without (21.6\u2003\u00b1\u20038.0 vs. 9.0\u2003\u00b1\u20035.7\u2003yr; p\u2003&lt;\u20030.0001). BMD <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010scores were significantly lower in patients with bronchiectasis compared with those without (p\u2003=\u20030.03). Patients with osteoporosis at femoral neck site had lower forced expiratory volume in 1\u2003s (FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>) (p\u2003=\u20030.024), FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\/forced vital capacity (FVC) (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.0001), PEF (p\u2003=\u20030.008), and FEF 25\u201375 (p\u2003=\u20030.013) values compared with the patients with normal BMD <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010scores. Low serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels were detected in 13\/22 patients and low dietary calcium intake in 17\/22 patients. BMD <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010scores at femoral neck were lower in patients with low B\u2010cell percentage (p\u2003=\u20030.03). BMD <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score at lumbar spine was correlated with folate (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003+0.63, p\u2003=\u20030.004) and serum immunoglobulin G levels (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003+0.430, p\u2003=\u20030.04).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Osteoporosis appeared as an emerging health problem of patients with CVID, the risk increasing with older age and poorer lung function. Nutritional, biochemical, and immunologic factors appeared to take part in decreased BMD. Insight into the mechanisms of osteoporosis in CVID is crucial to develop preventive strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2011.01187.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,6]],"date-time":"2011-06-06T11:28:37Z","timestamp":1307359717000},"page":"676-683","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Osteoporosis: An ignored complication of CVID"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Safa","family":"Baris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"Ozen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hulya","family":"Ercan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elif","family":"Karakoc\u2010Aydiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasret","family":"Cagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cevdet","family":"Ozdemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Metin","family":"Barlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nerin N.","family":"Bahceciler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isil B.","family":"Barlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"260","article-title":"Clinical and immunologic features of pediatric patients with common variable immunodeficiency and respiratory complications","volume":"18","author":"Aydogan M","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980070020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"5","article-title":"Update on pediatric bone health","volume":"109","author":"Henwood MJ","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Osteopath Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(96)00155-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-2336"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(02)01297-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.85.2.166"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.1999.4799"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"5","article-title":"Heights and weights of Turkish children","volume":"19","author":"Neyzi O","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Trop Pediatr Environ Child Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"84","article-title":"Recording adolescent physical changes: Tanner system","volume":"45","author":"Tanner JM","year":"1973","journal-title":"Del Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","volume-title":"Radiographic Atlas of Skeletal Development of the Hand and Wrist","author":"Greulich WW","year":"1958"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"2943","volume-title":"Textbook of Pediatrics","author":"Pesce MA","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.2.218"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000063214"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2005.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-002-1371-9","article-title":"Bone mineral density reference values in the normal female and male population of Izmir, Turkey","volume":"13","author":"Manisali M","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000105386"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.5.2002100"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2007.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2004.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2007.048868"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.2001.00768.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.84.1.145"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.1.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2009.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-07-037994"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1399-3038.2011.01187.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2011.01187.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T13:32:37Z","timestamp":1697290357000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2011.01187.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,6]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2011.01187.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2011.01187.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0905-6157","1399-3038"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-6157","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3038","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,6]]}}}